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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_______________________
FORM 10-Q

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
 	 	
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2016	
OR	
 	 	
o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM         TO       

Commission File Number 001-34223
_______________________
CLEAN HARBORS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Massachusetts	 	04-2997780	
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	 	(IRS Employer Identification No.)	
 	 	 	
42 Longwater Drive, Norwell, MA	 	02061-9149	
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	 	(Zip Code)	
(781) 792-5000
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including area code)
_______________________
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  x   No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes   x   No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer x	 	Accelerated filer o	
 	 	 	
Non-accelerated filer o	 	Smaller reporting company o	
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	 	 	

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  o   No  x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 	 	 	
Common Stock, $.01 par value	 	57,495,468	
(Class)	 	(Outstanding as of July 29, 2016)	

CLEAN HARBORS, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 	 	
 	Page No.	
 	 	
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION	 	
 	 	
ITEM 1: Unaudited Financial Statements	 	
Consolidated Balance Sheets	1	
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations	2	
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	3	
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	4	
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	5	
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	6	
 	 	
ITEM 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	28	
 	 	
ITEM 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	42	
 	 	
ITEM 4: Controls and Procedures	42	
 	 	
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION	 	
 	 	
ITEM 1: Legal Proceedings	43	
ITEM 1A: Risk Factors	43	
ITEM 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	43	
ITEM 3: Defaults Upon Senior Securities	43	
ITEM 4: Mine Safety Disclosures	43	
ITEM 5: Other Information	43	
ITEM 6: Exhibits	44	
Signatures	45	

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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands)

 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	June 30, 2016	 	December 31, 2015	
ASSETS	(unaudited)	 	 	
Current assets:	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	$	352,923	
 	 	$	184,708	
 	
Accounts receivable, net of allowances aggregating $28,436 and $31,426, respectively	503,749	
 	 	496,004	
 	
Unbilled accounts receivable	29,119	
 	 	25,940	
 	
Deferred costs	21,261	
 	 	18,758	
 	
Inventories and supplies	162,404	
 	 	149,521	
 	
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	49,678	
 	 	46,265	
 	
Total current assets	1,119,134	
 	 	921,196	
 	
Property, plant and equipment, net	1,594,987	
 	 	1,532,467	
 	
Other assets:	 	 	 	
Deferred financing costs	1,412	
 	 	1,847	
 	
Goodwill	461,491	
 	 	453,105	
 	
Permits and other intangibles, net	492,224	
 	 	506,818	
 	
Other	23,133	
 	 	15,995	
 	
Total other assets	978,260	
 	 	977,765	
 	
Total assets	$	3,692,381	
 	 	$	3,431,428	

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	 	 	 	
Current liabilities:	 	 	 	
Accounts payable	$	222,302	
 	 	$	241,183	
 	
Deferred revenue	70,263	
 	 	61,882	
 	
Accrued expenses	203,813	
 	 	193,660	
 	
Current portion of closure, post-closure and remedial liabilities	24,043	
 	 	20,395	
 	
Total current liabilities	520,421	
 	 	517,120	
 	
Other liabilities:	 	 	 	
Closure and post-closure liabilities, less current portion of $8,043 and $7,229, respectively	51,143	
 	 	49,020	
 	
Remedial liabilities, less current portion of $16,000 and $13,166, respectively	114,291	
 	 	118,826	
 	
Long-term obligations	1,631,881	
 	 	1,382,543	
 	
Deferred taxes, unrecognized tax benefits and other long-term liabilities	258,302	
 	 	267,637	
 	
Total other liabilities	2,055,617	
 	 	1,818,026	
 	
Commitments and contingent liabilities (See Note 14)	

 	
 	
Stockholders’ equity:	 	 	 	
Common stock, $.01 par value:	 	 	 	
Authorized 80,000,000; shares issued and outstanding 57,495,095 and 57,593,201
shares, respectively	575	
 	 	576	
 	
Shares held under employee participation plan	(469	)	 	(469	)	
Additional paid-in capital	730,709	
 	 	738,401	
 	
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(210,233	)	 	(254,892	)	
Accumulated earnings	595,761	
 	 	612,666	
 	
Total stockholders’ equity	1,116,343	
 	 	1,096,282	
 	
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	3,692,381	
 	 	$	3,431,428	
 	
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands except per share amounts)

 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Three Months Ended	 	Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	June 30,	
 	2016	 	2015	 	2016	 	2015	
Revenues:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Service revenues	$	584,562	
 	 	$	801,347	
 	 	$	1,114,793	
 	 	$	1,397,677	
 	
Product revenues	112,948	
 	 	134,881	
 	 	218,800	
 	 	271,050	
 	
Total revenues	697,510	
 	 	936,228	
 	 	1,333,593	
 	 	1,668,727	
 	
Cost of revenues (exclusive of items shown separately below)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Service revenues	388,684	
 	 	544,870	
 	 	762,670	
 	 	961,260	
 	
Product revenues	91,318	
 	 	107,818	
 	 	181,611	
 	 	237,935	
 	
Total cost of revenues	480,002	
 	 	652,688	
 	 	944,281	
 	 	1,199,195	
 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	107,063	
 	 	120,418	
 	 	211,547	
 	 	228,133	
 	
Accretion of environmental liabilities	2,548	
 	 	2,599	
 	 	5,053	
 	 	5,218	
 	
Depreciation and amortization	73,393	
 	 	67,773	
 	 	142,295	
 	 	136,129	
 	
Goodwill impairment charge	—	
 	 	31,992	
 	 	—	
 	 	31,992	
 	
Income from operations	34,504	
 	 	60,758	
 	 	30,417	
 	 	68,060	
 	
Other expense	(189	)	 	(660	)	 	(539	)	 	(251	)	
Interest expense, net of interest income of $225, $188, $375 and $339, respectively	(21,647	)	 	(19,249	)	 	(40,627	)	 	(38,687	)	
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	12,668	
 	 	40,849	
 	 	(10,749	)	 	29,122	
 	
Provision for income taxes	8,702	
 	 	30,454	
 	 	6,156	
 	 	25,816	
 	
Net income (loss)	$	3,966	
 	 	$	10,395	
 	 	$	(16,905	)	 	$	3,306	
 	
Earnings (loss) per share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	$	0.07	
 	 	$	0.18	
 	 	$	(0.29	)	 	$	0.06	
 	
Diluted	$	0.07	
 	 	$	0.18	
 	 	$	(0.29	)	 	$	0.06	
 	
Shares used to compute earnings (loss) per share - Basic	57,549	
 	 	58,590	
 	 	57,599	
 	 	58,732	
 	
Shares used to compute earnings (loss) per share - Diluted	57,678	
 	 	58,710	
 	 	57,599	
 	 	58,832	

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(in thousands)

 	Three Months Ended	 	Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	June 30,	
 	2016	 	2015	 	2016	 	2015	
Net income (loss)	$	3,966	
 	 	$	10,395	
 	 	$	(16,905	)	 	$	3,306	
 	
Other comprehensive (loss) income:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(1,178	)	 	12,231	
 	 	44,659	
 	 	(65,172	)	
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(1,178	)	 	12,231	
 	 	44,659	
 	 	(65,172	)	
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	2,788	
 	 	$	22,626	
 	 	$	27,754	
 	 	$	(61,866	)	

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

 	Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	
 	2016	 	2015	
Cash flows from operating activities:	 	 	 	
Net (loss) income	$	(16,905	)	 	$	3,306	
 	
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:	 	 	 	
Depreciation and amortization	142,295	
 	 	136,129	
 	
Goodwill impairment charge	—	
 	 	31,992	
 	
Allowance for doubtful accounts	3,228	
 	 	4,536	
 	
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount	1,772	
 	 	1,639	
 	
Accretion of environmental liabilities	5,053	
 	 	5,218	
 	
Changes in environmental liability estimates	(315	)	 	887	
 	
Deferred income taxes	(6,521	)	 	(908	)	
Stock-based compensation	4,739	
 	 	6,146	
 	
Excess tax benefit of stock-based compensation	(2	)	 	(102	)	
Net tax deficiency on stock based awards	(603	)	 	(72	)	
Other expense	1,049	
 	 	251	
 	
Environmental expenditures	(6,454	)	 	(11,532	)	
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions	 	 	 	
Accounts receivable and unbilled accounts receivable	993	
 	 	(133,031	)	
Inventories and supplies	(1,113	)	 	17,694	
 	
Other current assets	(4,789	)	 	(816	)	
Accounts payable	(8,397	)	 	108,639	
 	
Other current and long-term liabilities	6,021	
 	 	23,839	
 	
Net cash from operating activities	120,051	
 	 	193,815	
 	
Cash flows used in investing activities:	 	 	 	
Additions to property, plant and equipment	(123,529	)	 	(124,145	)	
Proceeds from sales of fixed assets	2,668	
 	 	2,646	
 	
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(58,989	)	 	(79,610	)	
Additions to intangible assets, including costs to obtain or renew permits	(973	)	 	(3,088	)	
Purchases of available-for-sale securities	(598	)	 	—	
 	
Net cash used in investing activities	(181,421	)	 	(204,197	)	
Cash flows from (used in) financing activities:	 	 	 	
Change in uncashed checks	(11,022	)	 	(22,160	)	
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	184	
 	 	397	
 	
Issuance of restricted shares, net of shares remitted	(1,879	)	 	(1,837	)	
Repurchases of common stock	(10,134	)	 	(32,203	)	
Deferred financing costs paid	(2,614	)	 	—	
 	
Payments on capital leases	—	
 	 	(471	)	
Excess tax benefit of stock-based compensation	2	
 	 	102	
 	
Issuance of senior secured notes, including premium	250,625	
 	 	—	
 	
Net cash from (used in) financing activities	225,162	
 	 	(56,172	)	
Effect of exchange rate change on cash	4,423	
 	 	(6,704	)	
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	168,215	
 	 	(73,258	)	
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	184,708	
 	 	246,879	
 	
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	352,923	
 	 	$	173,621	
 	
Supplemental information:	 	 	 	
Cash payments for interest and income taxes:	 	 	 	
Interest paid	$	44,275	
 	 	$	37,411	
 	
Income taxes paid	23,872	
 	 	3,068	
 	
Non-cash investing and financing activities:	 	 	 	
Property, plant and equipment accrued	24,187	
 	 	34,799	
 	
Receivable for estimated purchase price adjustment	—	
 	 	2,518	
 	
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands)

 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Common Stock	 	Shares Held
Under
Employee
Participation
Plan	 	 	 	Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Number
of
Shares	 	$ 0.01
Par
Value	 	 	 	Additional
Paid-in
Capital	 	 	 	Accumulated
Earnings	 	Total
Stockholders’
Equity	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance at January 1, 2016	57,593	
 	 	$	576	
 	 	$	(469	)	 	$	738,401	
 	 	$	(254,892	)	 	$	612,666	
 	 	$	1,096,282	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net loss	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(16,905	)	 	(16,905	)	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive income	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	44,659	
 	 	—	
 	 	44,659	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Stock-based compensation	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	4,739	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	4,739	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Issuance of restricted shares, net of shares remitted	97	
 	 	1	
 	 	—	
 	 	(1,880	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(1,879	)	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Repurchases of common stock	(203	)	 	(2	)	 	—	
 	 	(10,132	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(10,134	)	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Exercise of stock options	8	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	184	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	184	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net tax deficiency on stock based awards	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(603	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(603	)	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance at June 30, 2016	57,495	
 	 	$	575	
 	 	$	(469	)	 	$	730,709	
 	 	$	(210,233	)	 	$	595,761	
 	 	$	1,116,343	

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(1) BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying consolidated interim financial statements are unaudited and include the accounts of Clean Harbors, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Clean Harbors,” the “Company” or "we") and have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. Management has made estimates and assumptions affecting the amounts reported in the Company's consolidated interim financial statements and accompanying footnotes, actual results could differ from those estimates and judgments. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year or any other interim periods. The financial statements presented herein should be read in connection with the financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, which includes the audited consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 from which the one presented herein was derived.
(2) SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Company's significant accounting policies are described in Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies," in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. There have been no material changes in these policies or their application.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Standards implemented
In February 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2015-02,  Consolidation (Topic 810) . The amendment provides guidance regarding amendments to the consolidation analysis. The adoption of ASU 2015-02 as of January 1, 2016 did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In September 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805). The amendment provides guidance to simplify the accounting for adjustments made to provisional amounts recognized in a business combination. This amendment eliminates the requirement to retrospectively account for those adjustments. ASU 2015-16 should be applied prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after the effective date of this update. The adoption of ASU 2015-16 as of January 1, 2016 did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Standards to be implemented
The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the below standards to be implemented will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The amendment increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 should be applied using a modified retrospective approach and early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods (including interim reporting periods within those periods) beginning after December 15, 2018.

In March 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). ASU 2016-08 reduces the potential for diversity in practice arising from inconsistent application of the principal versus agent guidance, as well as the cost and complexity of applying Topic 606 both at transition and on an ongoing basis. The effective date and transition requirements for the amendments in this update are the same as the effective date and transition requirements of Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) .

In March 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718). The amendment simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 allows for retrospective or prospective application and early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods (including interim reporting periods within those periods) beginning after December 15, 2016.

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In April 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). ASU 2016-10 reduces the potential for diversity in initial application, as well as the cost and complexity of applying Topic 606 both at transition and on an ongoing basis. The effective date and transition requirements for the amendments in this update are the same as the effective date and transition requirements of Update 2014-09,  Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) .

In May 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). ASU 2016-12 provided narrow scope improvements and practical expedients on assessing collectability, presentation of sales taxes, noncash consideration, and completed contracts and contract modifications at transition. The effective date and transition requirements for the amendments in this update are the same as the effective date and transition requirements of Update 2014-09,  Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) .

(3) BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
2016 Acquisitions
    
During the first six months of 2016, the Company acquired (i) an oil re-refinery facility located in Nevada from Vertex Energy, Inc. and (ii) a blending and packaging company with operations located in New Orleans and Toronto, Canada. The combined purchase price for the two acquisitions was approximately $59.0 million in cash, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The acquisitions expand the Company's re-refinery network and blending and packaging capabilities within its Kleen Performance Products segment. The combined amount of revenue from the acquisitions included in the Company's results of operations for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was approximately $12.1 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company incurred acquisition-related costs of approximately $0.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively, in connection with the transactions which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income. Results of the acquired companies or assets are included within the Kleen Performance Products segment.

The allocation of the purchase price was based on preliminary estimates of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition dates. Given the recent timing of these transactions the Company is continuing to obtain information to complete its valuation of these accounts and the associated tax accounting. The components and preliminary allocation of the purchase price consist of the following amounts (in thousands):

 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	At Acquisition Dates	 	Measurement Period Adjustments	 	At Acquisition Dates As Reported
June 30, 2016	
Accounts receivable	$	9,186	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	9,186	
 	
Inventories and supplies	9,431	
 	 	—	
 	 	9,431	
 	
Prepaid and other current assets	433	
 	 	—	
 	 	433	
 	
Property, plant and equipment	45,781	
 	 	(1,477	)	 	44,304	
 	
Permits and other intangibles	1,205	
 	 	900	
 	 	2,105	
 	
Current liabilities	(7,119	)	 	—	
 	 	(7,119	)	
Deferred taxes, unrecognized tax benefits and other long-term liabilities	(548	)	 	—	
 	 	(548	)	
Total identifiable net assets	58,369	
 	 	(577	)	 	57,792	
 	
Goodwill	620	
 	 	577	
 	 	1,197	
 	
Total	$	58,989	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	58,989	
 	
Pro forma revenue and earnings amounts on a combined basis as if these acquisitions had been completed on January 1, 2015 are immaterial to the consolidated financial statements of the Company since that date.
2015 Acquisitions

Thermo Fluids Inc.

On April 11, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of Heckmann Environmental Services, Inc. (“HES”) and Thermo Fluids Inc. (“TFI”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of HES. The acquisition was accomplished through a purchase by Safety-Kleen, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, of all of the issued and outstanding shares of HES from Nuverra Environmental Solutions, Inc. HES is a holding company that does not conduct any operations. TFI provides environmental services, including used oil recycling, used oil filter recycling, antifreeze products, parts washers and solvent recycling, and industrial waste

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management services, including vacuum services, remediation, lab pack and hazardous waste management. The Company acquired TFI for a purchase price of $79.3 million. The acquisition was financed with cash on hand and expands the Company’s environmental services customer base while also complimenting the SK Environmental Services network and presence in the western United States. Results of TFI since acquisition have been included within the SK Environmental Services segment.

The allocation of the purchase price was based on estimates of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of April 11, 2015. The Company believes that such information provides a reasonable basis for estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company has finalized the purchase accounting for the acquisition of TFI.

The following table summarizes the recognized amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at April 11, 2015 (in thousands):

 	Preliminary Allocations	 	Measurement Period Adjustments	 	Final Allocations	
Accounts receivable	$	7,109	
 	 	$	192	
 	 	$	7,301	
 	
Inventories and supplies	1,791	
 	 	—	
 	 	1,791	
 	
Prepaid and other current assets	1,749	
 	 	(1,084	)	 	665	
 	
Property, plant and equipment	30,468	
 	 	(2,827	)	 	27,641	
 	
Permits and other intangibles	20,000	
 	 	(1,900	)	 	18,100	
 	
Current liabilities	(5,859	)	 	(25	)	 	(5,884	)	
Closure and post-closure liabilities	(1,676	)	 	(657	)	 	(2,333	)	
Deferred taxes, unrecognized tax benefits and other long-term liabilities	(13,081	)	 	3,907	
 	 	(9,174	)	
Total identifiable net assets	40,501	
 	 	(2,394	)	 	38,107	
 	
Goodwill	36,591	
 	 	4,638	
 	 	41,229	
 	
Total	$	77,092	
 	 	$	2,244	
 	 	$	79,336	
 	
Pro forma revenue and earnings amounts on a combined basis as if TFI had been acquired on January 1, 2015 are immaterial to the consolidated financial statements of the Company since that date.
Other 2015 Acquisition

In December 2015, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain defined liabilities of a privately owned company for approximately $14.7 million in cash. That company specializes in the collection and recycling of used oil filters and was a service provider to the SK Environmental Services segment prior to the acquisition. The acquired assets have been integrated into the SK Environmental Services segment. In connection with this acquisition a preliminary goodwill amount of $7.4 million was recognized.

(4) INVENTORIES AND SUPPLIES
Inventories and supplies consisted of the following (in thousands):

 	June 30, 2016	 	December 31, 2015	
Oil and oil products	$	46,671	
 	 	$	33,603	
 	
Supplies and drums	78,168	
 	 	78,132	
 	
Solvent and solutions	8,756	
 	 	8,868	
 	
Modular camp accommodations	15,298	
 	 	15,126	
 	
Other	13,511	
 	 	13,792	
 	
Total inventories and supplies	$	162,404	
 	 	$	149,521	
 	
As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, other inventories consisted primarily of cleaning fluids, such as absorbents and wipers, and automotive fluids, such as windshield washer fluid and antifreeze.

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(5) PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):

 	June 30, 2016	 	December 31, 2015	
Land	$	104,533	
 	 	$	100,582	
 	
Asset retirement costs (non-landfill)	12,187	
 	 	12,434	
 	
Landfill assets	144,540	
 	 	136,624	
 	
Buildings and improvements	354,470	
 	 	344,209	
 	
Camp equipment	158,394	
 	 	149,361	
 	
Vehicles	538,170	
 	 	500,619	
 	
Equipment	1,414,946	
 	 	1,328,915	
 	
Furniture and fixtures	5,528	
 	 	5,337	
 	
Construction in progress	146,199	
 	 	113,657	
 	
 	2,878,967	
 	 	2,691,738	
 	
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization	1,283,980	
 	 	1,159,271	
 	
Total property, plant and equipment, net	$	1,594,987	
 	 	$	1,532,467	
 	
Interest in the amount of $1.3 million and $2.5 million was capitalized to fixed assets during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. Interest in the amount of $0.4 million and $0.6 million was capitalized to fixed assets during the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively. Depreciation expense, inclusive of landfill amortization was $63.5 million and $122.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. Depreciation expense, inclusive of landfill amortization was $58.9 million and $116.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.

(6) GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The changes in goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2016 were as follows (in thousands):

 	 	Technical Services	 	Industrial & Field Services	 	Kleen Performance Products	 	SK Environmental Services	 	Lodging Services	 	Oil and Gas Field Services	 	Totals	
Balance at January 1, 2016	 	$	49,267	
 	 	$	105,286	
 	 	$	49,755	
 	 	$	216,589	
 	 	$	32,208	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	453,105	
 	
Acquired from acquisitions	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	1,197	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	1,197	
 	
Measurement period adjustment from prior acquisitions	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	2,095	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	2,095	
 	
Foreign currency translation and other	 	(579	)	 	1,319	
 	 	157	
 	 	2,140	
 	 	2,057	
 	 	—	
 	 	5,094	
 	
Balance at June 30, 2016	 	$	48,688	
 	 	$	106,605	
 	 	$	51,109	
 	 	$	220,824	
 	 	$	34,265	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	461,491	
 	
The Company assesses goodwill for impairment on an annual basis as of December 31, or at an interim date when events or changes in the business environment would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. The Company conducted the annual impairment test of goodwill for all reporting units as of December 31, 2015 and determined that no adjustment to the carrying value of goodwill for any reporting units was necessary because the fair value of each of the reporting units exceeded that reporting unit's respective carrying value. The Company's next annual impairment assessment will be performed as of December 31, 2016 unless indicators arise that would require the Company to re-evaluate at an earlier date.

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As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company's finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

 	June 30, 2016	 	December 31, 2015	
 	Cost	 	Accumulated
Amortization	 	Net	 	Weighted
Average
Remaining Amortization
Period
(in years)	 	Cost	 	Accumulated
Amortization	 	Net	 	Weighted
Average
Remaining Amortization
Period
(in years)	
Permits	$	162,611	
 	 	$	64,533	
 	 	$	98,078	
 	 	20.7	 	$	161,396	
 	 	$	61,142	
 	 	$	100,254	
 	 	19.0	
Customer and supplier relationships	379,236	
 	 	115,500	
 	 	263,736	
 	 	9.5	 	374,866	
 	 	99,463	
 	 	275,403	
 	 	10.1	
Other intangible assets	33,984	
 	 	26,517	
 	 	7,467	
 	 	1.2	 	31,416	
 	 	22,581	
 	 	8,835	
 	 	1.5	
Total amortizable permits and other intangible assets	575,831	
 	 	206,550	
 	 	369,281	
 	 	9.3	 	567,678	
 	 	183,186	
 	 	384,492	
 	 	10.0	
Trademarks and trade names	122,943	
 	 	—	
 	 	122,943	
 	 	Indefinite	 	122,326	
 	 	—	
 	 	122,326	
 	 	Indefinite	
Total permits and other intangible assets	$	698,774	
 	 	$	206,550	
 	 	$	492,224	
 	 	
 	 	$	690,004	
 	 	$	183,186	
 	 	$	506,818	

Amortization expense of permits and other intangible assets was $9.9 million and $19.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. Amortization expense of permits and other intangible assets was $8.8 million and $19.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.
The expected amortization of the net carrying amount of finite-lived intangible assets at June 30, 2016 was as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending December 31,	Expected Amortization	
2016 (six months)	$	19,941	
 	
2017	35,033	
 	
2018	31,795	
 	
2019	28,897	
 	
2020	26,277	
 	
Thereafter	227,338	
 	
 	$	369,281	
 	
(7) ACCRUED EXPENSES
Accrued expenses consisted of the following at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

 	June 30, 2016	 	December 31, 2015	
Insurance	$	57,273	
 	 	$	55,899	
 	
Interest	21,587	
 	 	20,500	
 	
Accrued compensation and benefits	50,275	
 	 	35,646	
 	
Income, real estate, sales and other taxes	39,623	
 	 	37,095	
 	
Other	35,055	
 	 	44,520	
 	
 	$	203,813	
 	 	$	193,660	

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(8) CLOSURE AND POST-CLOSURE LIABILITIES
The changes to closure and post-closure liabilities (also referred to as “asset retirement obligations”) from January 1, 2016 through June 30, 2016 were as follows (in thousands):

 	Landfill
Retirement
Liability	 	Non-Landfill
Retirement
Liability	 	Total	
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	32,023	
 	 	$	24,226	
 	 	$	56,249	
 	
Adjustments during the measurement period related to acquisitions	—	
 	 	657	
 	 	657	
 	
New asset retirement obligations	1,263	
 	 	—	
 	 	1,263	
 	
Accretion	1,384	
 	 	1,150	
 	 	2,534	
 	
Changes in estimates recorded to statement of operations	(597	)	 	(91	)	 	(688	)	
Expenditures	(475	)	 	(570	)	 	(1,045	)	
Currency translation and other	152	
 	 	64	
 	 	216	
 	
Balance at June 30, 2016	$	33,750	
 	 	$	25,436	
 	 	$	59,186	
 	
All of the landfill facilities included in the above were active as of June 30, 2016. There were no significant charges (benefits) in 2016 resulting from changes in estimates for closure and post-closure liabilities.
New asset retirement obligations incurred during the first six months of 2016 were discounted at the credit-adjusted risk-free rate of 6.23%.
(9) REMEDIAL LIABILITIES 
The changes to remedial liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2016 were as follows (in thousands):

 	Remedial
Liabilities for
Landfill Sites	 	Remedial
Liabilities for
Inactive Sites	 	Remedial
Liabilities
(Including
Superfund) for
Non-Landfill
Operations	 	Total	
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	2,327	
 	 	$	63,613	
 	 	$	66,052	
 	 	$	131,992	
 	
Accretion	54	
 	 	1,364	
 	 	1,101	
 	 	2,519	
 	
Changes in estimates recorded to statement of operations	70	
 	 	(116	)	 	419	
 	 	373	
 	
Expenditures	(61	)	 	(2,092	)	 	(3,256	)	 	(5,409	)	
Currency translation and other	—	
 	 	52	
 	 	764	
 	 	816	
 	
Balance at June 30, 2016	$	2,390	
 	 	$	62,821	
 	 	$	65,080	
 	 	$	130,291	
 	
In the six months ended June 30, 2016 there were no significant charges (benefits) resulting from changes in estimates for remedial liabilities.
(10) FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS 
The following table is a summary of the Company’s financing arrangements (in thousands):

 	June 30, 2016	 	December 31, 2015	
Senior unsecured notes, at 5.25%, due August 1, 2020 ("2020 Notes")	$	800,000	
 	 	$	800,000	
 	
Senior unsecured notes, at 5.125%, due June 1, 2021 ("2021 Notes")	845,000	
 	 	595,000	
 	
Long-term obligations, at par	$	1,645,000	
 	 	$	1,395,000	
 	
Unamortized debt issuance costs and premium, net	(13,119	)	 	(12,457	)	
Long-term obligations, at carrying value	$	1,631,881	
 	 	$	1,382,543	

At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the fair value of the Company's 2020 Notes was $819.0 million and $812.0 million, respectively, based on quoted market prices for the instrument. The fair value of the 2020 Notes is considered a Level 2 measure according to the fair value hierarchy.
On March 14, 2016, the Company issued through a private placement $250.0 million aggregate principal amount as additional notes under the indenture pursuant to which the Company previously issued on December 7, 2012, through a private placement $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2021 Notes. Interest payments are paid semi-annually on June 1 and

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December 1 of each year. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the fair value of the Company's 2021 Notes was $859.8 million and $599.5 million, respectively, based on quoted market prices for the instrument. The fair value of the 2021 Notes is considered a Level 2 measure according to the fair value hierarchy.
The Company also maintains a revolving credit facility which as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 had no outstanding loan balances. At June 30, 2016, $190.0 million was available to borrow and outstanding letters of credit were $140.5 million. At December 31, 2015, $178.5 million was available to borrow and outstanding letters of credit were $144.6 million.
The revolving credit facility is guaranteed by all of Clean Harbors, Inc.'s ("Parent's") domestic subsidiaries and secured by substantially all of the Parent’s and its domestic subsidiaries’ assets. Available credit for Parent and its domestic subsidiaries is limited to 85% of their eligible accounts receivable and 100% of their cash deposited in a controlled account with the agent. Available credit for Parent’s Canadian subsidiaries is limited to 85% of their eligible accounts receivable and 100% of their cash deposited in a controlled account with the agent’s Canadian affiliate. The obligations of the Canadian subsidiaries under the revolving credit facility are guaranteed by all of Parent’s Canadian subsidiaries and secured by the accounts receivable of the Canadian subsidiaries, but the Canadian subsidiaries do not guarantee and are not otherwise responsible for the obligations of Parent or its domestic subsidiaries.

(11) EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE     
The following are computations of basic and diluted loss per share (in thousands except for per share amounts):

 	Three Months Ended	 	Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	June 30,	
 	2016	 	2015	 	2016	 	2015	
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share:	 	

Net income (loss)	$	3,966	
 	 	$	10,395	
 	 	$	(16,905	)	 	$	3,306	

Denominator:	 	

Basic shares outstanding	57,549	
 	 	58,590	
 	 	57,599	
 	 	58,732	
 	
Dilutive effect of equity-based compensation awards	129	
 	 	120	
 	 	—	
 	 	100	
 	
Dilutive shares outstanding	57,678	
 	 	58,710	
 	 	57,599	
 	 	58,832	

Basic earnings (loss) per share:	$	0.07	
 	 	$	0.18	
 	 	$	(0.29	)	 	$	0.06	

 	 	 	

 	
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:	$	0.07	
 	 	$	0.18	
 	 	$	(0.29	)	 	$	0.06	
 	
For the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the dilutive effect of all then outstanding options, restricted stock and performance awards is included in the EPS calculations above except for 348,197 and 196,180, respectively, of outstanding performance stock awards for which the performance criteria were not attained at that time and 9,537 and 11,075, respectively, of restricted stock awards which were antidilutive at that time.

As a result of the net loss reported for the six months ended June 30, 2016, all then outstanding stock options, restricted stock awards and performance awards totaling 886,685 were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share as their inclusion would have an antidilutive effect. 

For the six months ended June 30, 2015, the dilutive effect of all then outstanding options, restricted stock and performance awards is included in the EPS calculations above except for 196,180 of outstanding performance stock awards for which the performance criteria were not attained at that time and 38,171 of restricted stock awards which were antidilutive at that time.

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(12) ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component and related tax effects for the six months ended June 30, 2016 were as follows (in thousands):    

 	Foreign Currency Translation	 	Unfunded Pension Liability	 	Total	
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	(252,939	)	 	$	(1,953	)	 	$	(254,892	)	
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	44,659	
 	 	—	
 	 	44,659	
 	
Other comprehensive income	$	44,659	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	44,659	
 	
Balance at June 30, 2016	$	(208,280	)	 	$	(1,953	)	 	$	(210,233	)	
There were no reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

(13) STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Total stock-based compensation cost charged to selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was $2.6 million and $4.7 million, respectively. Total stock-based compensation cost charged to selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 was $4.3 million and $6.1 million, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the consolidated statements of operations from stock-based compensation was $0.8 million and $1.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the consolidated statements of operations from stock-based compensation was $0.6 million and $1.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.
Restricted Stock Awards
The following information relates to restricted stock awards that have been granted to employees and directors under the Company's equity incentive plans (the "Plans"). The restricted stock awards are not transferable until vested and the restrictions generally lapse upon the achievement of continued employment over a three-to-five-year period or service as a director until the following annual meeting of shareholders. The fair value of each restricted stock grant is based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant and is amortized to expense over its vesting period.
    
The following table summarizes information about restricted stock awards for the six months ended June 30, 2016:

Restricted Stock	Number of Shares	 	Weighted Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value	
Balance at January 1, 2016	362,618	
 	 	$	55.79	
 	
Granted	299,967	
 	 	$	51.02	
 	
Vested	(128,895	)	 	$	55.18	
 	
Forfeited	(16,785	)	 	$	57.22	
 	
Balance at June 30, 2016	516,905	
 	 	$	53.12	

As of June 30, 2016, there was $23.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost arising from restricted stock awards under the Company's Plans. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.1 years. The total fair value of restricted stock vested during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was $2.3 million and $6.1 million, respectively. The total fair value of restricted stock vested during the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 was $3.0 million and $6.2 million, respectively.
    
Performance Stock Awards

The following information relates to performance stock awards that have been granted to employees under the Company's Plans. Performance stock awards are subject to performance criteria established by the compensation committee of the Company's board of directors prior to or at the date of grant. The vesting of the performance stock awards is based on achieving such targets typically based on revenue, Adjusted EBITDA margin, return on invested capital percentage and Total Recordable Incident Rate. In addition, performance stock awards include continued service conditions. The fair value of each performance stock award is based on

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the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant and is amortized to expense over the service period if achievement of performance measures is considered probable.

The following table summarizes information about performance stock awards for the six months ended June 30, 2016:

Performance Stock	Number of Shares	 	Weighted Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value	
Balance at January 1, 2016	187,274	
 	 	$	57.13	
 	
Granted	204,602	
 	 	$	54.30	
 	
Vested	(8,420	)	 	$	61.90	
 	
Forfeited	(13,676	)	 	$	57.23	
 	
Balance at June 30, 2016	369,780	
 	 	$	55.45	

As of June 30, 2016, there was $0.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost arising from unvested performance stock awards deemed probable of vesting under the Company's Plans. No performance awards vested during the three months ended June 30, 2016. The total fair value of performance awards vested during the six months ended June 30, 2016 was $0.4 million. The total fair value of performance awards vested during the six months ended June 30, 2015 was $0.3 million. No performance awards vested during the three months ended June 30, 2015.

Common Stock Repurchases
On March 13, 2015, the Company's board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300 million of the Company's common stock. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company repurchased and retired a total of 0.1 million shares and 0.2 million shares, respectively, of the Company's common stock for a total cost of $5.1 million and $10.1 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, the Company repurchased and retired a total of 0.3 million shares and 0.6 million shares, respectively, of the Company's common stock for a total cost of $16.1 million and $32.2 million, respectively. Through June 30, 2016, the Company has repurchased and retired a total of 3.6 million shares of the Company's common stock for a total cost of $187.8 million under this program. As of June 30, 2016, an additional $112.2 million remains available for repurchase of shares under the current authorized program.
(14) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Legal and Administrative Proceedings
The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. Actions filed against the Company arise from commercial and employment-related claims including alleged class actions related to sales practices and wage and hour claims. The plaintiffs in these actions may be seeking damages or injunctive relief or both. These actions are in various jurisdictions and stages of proceedings, and some are covered in part by insurance. In addition, the Company’s waste management services operations are regulated by federal, state, provincial and local laws enacted to regulate discharge of materials into the environment, remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater or otherwise protect the environment. This ongoing regulation results in the Company frequently becoming a party to legal or administrative proceedings involving all levels of governmental authorities and other interested parties. The issues involved in such proceedings generally relate to alleged violations of existing permits and licenses or alleged responsibility under federal or state Superfund laws to remediate contamination at properties owned either by the Company or by other parties (“third party sites”) to which either the Company or the prior owners of certain of the Company’s facilities shipped wastes.
At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had recorded reserves of $21.1 million and $21.9 million, respectively, in the Company's financial statements for actual or probable liabilities related to the legal and administrative proceedings in which the Company was then involved, the principal of which are described below. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company also believed that it was reasonably possible that the amount of these potential liabilities could be as much as $1.8 million and $1.9 million more, respectively. The Company periodically adjusts the aggregate amount of these reserves when actual or probable liabilities are paid or otherwise discharged, new claims arise, or additional relevant information about existing or probable claims becomes available. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the $21.1 million and $21.9 million, respectively, of reserves consisted of (i) $18.7 million and $18.9 million, respectively, related to pending legal or administrative proceedings, including Superfund liabilities, which were included in remedial liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, and (ii) $2.4 million and $3.0 million, respectively, primarily related to federal, state and provincial enforcement actions, which were included in accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

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As of June 30, 2016, the principal legal and administrative proceedings in which the Company was involved, or which had been terminated during 2016, were as follows:
Ville Mercier.    In September 2002, the Company acquired the stock of a subsidiary (the "Mercier Subsidiary") which owns a hazardous waste incinerator in Ville Mercier, Quebec (the "Mercier Facility"). The property adjacent to the Mercier Facility, which is also owned by the Mercier Subsidiary, is now contaminated as a result of actions dating back to 1968, when the Government of Quebec issued to a company unrelated to the Mercier Subsidiary two permits to dump organic liquids into lagoons on the property. In 1999, Ville Mercier and three neighboring municipalities filed separate legal proceedings against the Mercier Subsidiary and the Government of Quebec. In 2012, the municipalities amended their existing statement of claim to seek $2.9 million (Cdn) in general damages and $10.0 million (Cdn) in punitive damages, plus interest and costs, as well as injunctive relief. Both the Government of Quebec and the Company have filed summary judgment motions against the municipalities. The parties are currently attempting to negotiate a resolution and hearings on the motions have been delayed. In September 2007, the Quebec Minister of Sustainable Development, Environment and Parks issued a Notice pursuant to Section 115.1 of the Environment Quality Act, superseding Notices issued in 1992, which are the subject of the pending litigation. The more recent Notice notifies the Mercier Subsidiary that, if the Mercier Subsidiary does not take certain remedial measures at the site, the Minister intends to undertake those measures at the site and claim direct and indirect costs related to such measures. The Company has accrued for costs expected to be incurred relative to the resolution of this matter and believes this matter will not have a future material effect on its financial position or results of operations.
Safety-Kleen Legal Proceedings. On December 28, 2012, the Company acquired Safety-Kleen, Inc. ("Safety-Kleen") and thereby became subject to the legal proceedings in which Safety-Kleen was a party on that date. In addition to certain Superfund proceedings in which Safety-Kleen has been named as a potentially responsible party as described below under “Superfund Proceedings,” the principal such legal proceedings involving Safety-Kleen which were outstanding as of June 30, 2016 were as follows:
Product Liability Cases. Safety-Kleen has been named as a defendant in various lawsuits that are currently pending in various courts and jurisdictions throughout the United States, including approximately 62 proceedings (excluding cases which have been settled but not formally dismissed) as of June 30, 2016, wherein persons claim personal injury resulting from the use of Safety-Kleen's parts cleaning equipment or cleaning products. These proceedings typically involve allegations that the solvent used in Safety-Kleen's parts cleaning equipment contains contaminants and/or that Safety-Kleen's recycling process does not effectively remove the contaminants that become entrained in the solvent during their use. In addition, certain claimants assert that Safety-Kleen failed to warn adequately the product user of potential risks, including an historic failure to warn that solvent contains trace amounts of toxic or hazardous substances such as benzene.
Safety-Kleen maintains insurance that it believes will provide coverage for these product liability claims (over amounts accrued for self-insured retentions and deductibles in certain limited cases), except for punitive damages to the extent not insurable under state law or excluded from insurance coverage. Safety-Kleen also believes that these claims lack merit and has historically vigorously defended, and intends to continue to vigorously defend, itself and the safety of its products against all of these claims. Such matters are subject to many uncertainties and outcomes are not predictable with assurance. Consequently, Safety-Kleen is unable to ascertain the ultimate aggregate amount of monetary liability or financial impact with respect to these matters as of June 30, 2016. From January 1, 2016 to June 30, 2016, 14 product liability claims were settled or dismissed. Due to the nature of these claims and the related insurance, the Company did not incur any expense as Safety-Kleen's insurance provided coverage in full for all such claims. Safety-Kleen may be named in similar, additional lawsuits in the future, including claims for which insurance coverage may not be available.    
Superfund Proceedings
The Company has been notified that either the Company (which, since December 28, 2012, includes Safety-Kleen) or the prior owners of certain of the Company's facilities for which the Company may have certain indemnification obligations have been identified as potentially responsible parties ("PRPs") or potential PRPs in connection with 129 sites which are subject to or are proposed to become subject to proceedings under federal or state Superfund laws. Of the 129 sites, two (the Wichita Facility and the BR Facility described below) involve facilities that are now owned by the Company and 127 involve third party sites to which either the Company or the prior owners of certain of the Company’s facilities shipped wastes. Of the 127 third party sites, 32 are now settled, 15 are currently requiring expenditures on remediation and 80 are not currently requiring expenditures on remediation.
In connection with each site, the Company has estimated the extent, if any, to which it may be subject, either directly or as a result of any indemnification obligations, for cleanup and remediation costs, related legal and consulting costs associated with PRP investigations, settlements, and related legal and administrative proceedings. The amount of such actual and potential liability is inherently difficult to estimate because of, among other relevant factors, uncertainties as to the legal liability (if any) of the Company

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or the prior owners of certain of the Company's facilities to contribute a portion of the cleanup costs, the assumptions that must be made in calculating the estimated cost and timing of remediation, the identification of other PRPs and their respective capability and obligation to contribute to remediation efforts, and the existence and legal standing of indemnification agreements (if any) with prior owners, which may either benefit the Company or subject the Company to potential indemnification obligations. In addition to the Wichita Property and the BR Facility described below, Clean Harbors believes its potential liability could exceed $100,000 at 11 of the 127 third party sites.
Wichita Property.    The Company acquired in 2002 as part of the CSD assets a service center located in Wichita, Kansas (the "Wichita Property"). The Wichita Property is one of several properties located within the boundaries of a 1,400 acre state-designated Superfund site in an old industrial section of Wichita known as the North Industrial Corridor Site. Along with numerous other PRPs, the former owner executed a consent decree relating to such site with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA"), and the Company is continuing an ongoing remediation program for the Wichita Property in accordance with that consent decree. The Company also acquired rights under an indemnification agreement between the former owner and an earlier owner of the Wichita Property. The Company filed suit against the earlier owner in July of 2015 to recover costs incurred during the cleanup of the property.
BR Facility.    The Company acquired in 2002 a former hazardous waste incinerator and landfill in Baton Rouge (the "BR Facility"), for which operations had been previously discontinued by the prior owner. In September 2007, the EPA issued a special notice letter to the Company related to the Devil's Swamp Lake Site ("Devil's Swamp") in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. Devil's Swamp includes a lake located downstream of an outfall ditch where wastewater and stormwater have been discharged, and Devil's Swamp is proposed to be included on the National Priorities List due to the presence of Contaminants of Concern ("COC") cited by the EPA. These COCs include substances of the kind found in wastewater and storm water discharged from the BR Facility in past operations. The EPA originally requested COC generators to submit a good faith offer to conduct a remedial investigation feasibility study directed towards the eventual remediation of the site. The Company is currently performing corrective actions at the BR Facility under an order issued by the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality, and has begun conducting the remedial investigation and feasibility study under an order issued by the EPA. The Company cannot presently estimate the potential additional liability for the Devil's Swamp cleanup until a final remedy is selected by the EPA.
Third Party Sites.    Of the 127 third party sites at which the Company has been notified it is a PRP or potential PRP or may have indemnification obligations, Clean Harbors has an indemnification agreement at 11 of these sites with ChemWaste, a former subsidiary of Waste Management, Inc., and at six additional of these third party sites, Safety-Kleen has a similar indemnification agreement with McKesson Corporation. These agreements indemnify the Company (which now includes Safety-Kleen) with respect to any liability at the 17 sites for waste disposed prior to the Company's (or Safety-Kleen's) acquisition of the former subsidiaries of Waste Management or McKesson which had shipped wastes to those sites. Accordingly, Waste Management or McKesson are paying all costs of defending those subsidiaries in those 17 cases, including legal fees and settlement costs. However, there can be no guarantee that the Company's ultimate liabilities for those sites will not exceed the amount recorded or that indemnities applicable to any of these sites will be available to pay all or a portion of related costs. Except for the indemnification agreements which the Company holds from ChemWaste and McKesson, the Company does not have an indemnity agreement with respect to any of the 127 third party sites discussed above.
Federal, State and Provincial Enforcement Actions
From time to time, the Company pays fines or penalties in regulatory proceedings relating primarily to waste treatment, storage or disposal facilities. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, there were four and six proceedings, respectively, for which the Company reasonably believed that the sanctions could equal or exceed $100,000. The Company believes that the fines or other penalties in these or any of the other regulatory proceedings will, individually or in the aggregate, not have a material effect on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
(15) INCOME TAXES 
The Company records a tax provision or benefit on an interim basis using an estimated annual effective tax rate. This rate is applied to the current period ordinary income or loss to determine the income tax provision or benefit allocated to the interim period. Losses from jurisdictions for which no benefit can be recognized and the income tax effects of unusual or infrequent items are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate and are recognized in the impacted interim period. The estimated annual effective tax rate may be significantly impacted by projected earnings mix by tax jurisdiction. Adjustments to the estimated annual effective income tax rate are recognized in the period when such estimates are revised.
The Company's effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was 68.7% and (57.3)% compared to 74.6% and 88.6% for the same periods in 2015. The variations in the effective income tax rates for the three and six months ended

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June 30, 2016 as compared to more customary relationships between pre-tax income and the provision for income taxes was primarily due to not recognizing income tax benefits from current operating losses related to certain Canadian entities. Such variations in the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2015 were due to the lack of any tax benefit associated with the goodwill impairment charge recorded in the second quarter of 2015.
As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had recorded $2.1 million of liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits and $0.4 million of interest, respectively.
Due to expiring statute of limitation periods, the Company believes that total unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately $0.5 million within the next 12 months. This is the result of a pre-acquisition audit settlement for one of the Company's foreign entities.
(16) SEGMENT REPORTING 
Segment reporting is prepared on the same basis that the Company's chief executive officer, who is the Company's chief operating decision maker, manages the business, makes operating decisions and assesses performance. As of June 30, 2016, the Company's operations were managed in six reportable segments based primarily upon the nature of the various operations and services provided: Technical Services, Industrial and Field Services which consists of the Industrial Services and Field Services operating segments, Kleen Performance Products, SK Environmental Services, Lodging Services and Oil and Gas Field Services.

Third party revenue is revenue billed to outside customers by a particular segment. Direct revenue is revenue allocated to the segment providing the product or service. Intersegment revenues represent the sharing of third party revenues among the segments based on products and services provided by each segment as if the products and services were sold directly to the third party. The intersegment revenues are shown net. The negative intersegment revenues are due to more transfers out of customer revenues to other segments than transfers in of customer revenues from other segments. The operations not managed through the Company’s six reportable segments are recorded as “Corporate Items.” Corporate Items revenues consist of certain operations for which the revenues are insignificant and not allocated to the segments for internal reporting purposes. Corporate Items cost of revenues represents certain central services that are not allocated to the six segments for internal reporting purposes. Corporate Items selling, general and administrative expenses include typical corporate items such as legal, accounting and other items of a general corporate nature that are not allocated to the Company’s six reportable segments. Performance of the segments is evaluated on several factors, of which the primary financial measure is “Adjusted EBITDA,” which consists of net income (loss) plus accretion of environmental liabilities, depreciation and amortization, net interest expense, provision for income taxes, other non-cash charges not deemed representative of fundamental segment results and excludes other expense. Transactions between the segments are accounted for at the Company’s best estimate based on similar transactions with outside customers. 
The following table reconciles third party revenues to direct revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands):

 	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2016	 	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015	
 	Third party revenues	 	Intersegment revenues, net	 	Corporate Items, net	 	Direct revenues	 	Third party revenues	 	Intersegment revenues, net	 	Corporate Items, net	 	Direct revenues	
Technical Services	$	229,130	
 	 	$	35,578	
 	 	$	667	
 	 	$	265,375	
 	 	$	248,025	
 	 	$	38,314	
 	 	$	1,083	
 	 	$	287,422	
 	
Industrial and Field Services	153,851	
 	 	(9,055	)	 	(286	)	 	144,510	
 	 	353,329	
 	 	(11,230	)	 	(401	)	 	341,698	
 	
Kleen Performance Products	86,711	
 	 	(7,600	)	 	—	
 	 	79,111	
 	 	99,104	
 	 	(21,428	)	 	(1	)	 	77,675	
 	
SK Environmental Services	191,004	
 	 	(21,492	)	 	1	
 	 	169,513	
 	 	175,876	
 	 	(8,802	)	 	3	
 	 	167,077	
 	
Lodging Services	16,418	
 	 	137	
 	 	14	
 	 	16,569	
 	 	21,171	
 	 	992	
 	 	80	
 	 	22,243	
 	
Oil and Gas Field Services	19,232	
 	 	2,432	
 	 	48	
 	 	21,712	
 	 	38,617	
 	 	2,154	
 	 	40	
 	 	40,811	
 	
Corporate Items	1,164	
 	 	—	
 	 	(444	)	 	720	
 	 	106	
 	 	—	
 	 	(804	)	 	(698	)	
Total	$	697,510	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	697,510	
 	 	$	936,228	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	936,228	

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 	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016	 	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015	
 	Third party revenues	 	Intersegment revenues, net	 	Corporate Items, net	 	Direct revenues	 	Third party revenues	 	Intersegment revenues, net	 	Corporate Items, net	 	Direct revenues	
Technical Services	$	448,235	
 	 	$	70,422	
 	 	$	1,055	
 	 	$	519,712	
 	 	$	488,350	
 	 	$	73,218	
 	 	$	2,380	
 	 	$	563,948	
 	
Industrial and Field Services	275,428	
 	 	(16,521	)	 	(303	)	 	258,604	
 	 	500,197	
 	 	(17,791	)	 	(323	)	 	482,083	
 	
Kleen Performance Products	154,254	
 	 	(17,007	)	 	(1	)	 	137,246	
 	 	195,911	
 	 	(39,685	)	 	(2	)	 	156,224	
 	
SK Environmental Services	370,422	
 	 	(40,606	)	 	368	
 	 	330,184	
 	 	336,560	
 	 	(20,384	)	 	3	
 	 	316,179	
 	
Lodging Services	32,063	
 	 	401	
 	 	35	
 	 	32,499	
 	 	55,275	
 	 	1,156	
 	 	97	
 	 	56,528	
 	
Oil and Gas Field Services	51,248	
 	 	3,311	
 	 	135	
 	 	54,694	
 	 	92,204	
 	 	3,486	
 	 	49	
 	 	95,739	
 	
Corporate Items	1,943	
 	 	—	
 	 	(1,289	)	 	654	
 	 	230	
 	 	—	
 	 	(2,204	)	 	(1,974	)	
Total	$	1,333,593	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	1,333,593	
 	 	$	1,668,727	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	1,668,727	
 	
The following table presents Adjusted EBITDA information used by management by reported segment (in thousands). The Company does not allocate interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, accretion of environmental liabilities, other non-cash charges not deemed representative of fundamental segment results, and other expense (income) to its segments.    

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	June 30,	
 	2016	 	2015	 	2016	 	2015	
Adjusted EBITDA:	 	

Technical Services	$	68,891	
 	 	$	76,808	
 	 	$	129,289	
 	 	$	140,209	
 	
Industrial and Field Services	19,946	
 	 	73,081	
 	 	22,064	
 	 	83,390	
 	
Kleen Performance Products	9,995	
 	 	15,824	
 	 	14,555	
 	 	11,348	
 	
SK Environmental Services	45,239	
 	 	41,195	
 	 	80,734	
 	 	68,444	
 	
Lodging Services	3,022	
 	 	3,852	
 	 	4,041	
 	 	10,762	
 	
Oil and Gas Field Services	(4,207	)	 	(2,182	)	 	(5,601	)	 	(779	)	
Corporate Items	(32,441	)	 	(45,456	)	 	(67,317	)	 	(71,975	)	
Total	$	110,445	
 	 	$	163,122	
 	 	$	177,765	
 	 	$	241,399	
 	
Reconciliation to Consolidated Statements of Operations:	 	

Accretion of environmental liabilities	2,548	
 	 	2,599	
 	 	5,053	
 	 	5,218	
 	
Depreciation and amortization	73,393	
 	 	67,773	
 	 	142,295	
 	 	136,129	
 	
Goodwill impairment charge	—	
 	 	31,992	
 	 	—	
 	 	31,992	
 	
Income from operations	34,504	
 	 	60,758	
 	 	30,417	
 	 	68,060	
 	
Other expense	189	
 	 	660	
 	 	539	
 	 	251	
 	
Interest expense, net of interest income	21,647	
 	 	19,249	
 	 	40,627	
 	 	38,687	
 	
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	$	12,668	
 	 	$	40,849	
 	 	$	(10,749	)	 	$	29,122	

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The following table presents certain assets by reportable segment and in the aggregate (in thousands):

 	June 30, 2016	
 	Technical
Services	 	Industrial and Field
Services	 	Kleen Performance Products	 	SK Environmental Services	 	Lodging Services	 	Oil and Gas Field
Services	 	Corporate
Items	 	Totals	
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	507,996	
 	 	$	231,334	
 	 	$	211,082	
 	 	$	302,260	
 	 	$	104,386	
 	 	$	146,423	
 	 	$	91,506	
 	 	$	1,594,987	
 	
Goodwill	48,688	
 	 	106,605	
 	 	51,109	
 	 	220,824	
 	 	34,265	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	461,491	
 	
Permits and other intangibles, net	69,683	
 	 	13,587	
 	 	139,867	
 	 	251,087	
 	 	6,495	
 	 	11,505	
 	 	—	
 	 	492,224	
 	
Total assets	$	823,881	
 	 	$	375,796	
 	 	$	520,943	
 	 	$	852,082	
 	 	$	181,031	
 	 	$	235,775	
 	 	$	702,873	
 	 	$	3,692,381	

 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	December 31, 2015	
 	Technical
Services	 	Industrial and Field
Services	 	Kleen Performance Products	 	SK Environmental Services	 	Lodging Services	 	Oil and Gas Field
Services	 	Corporate
Items	 	Totals	
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	483,425	
 	 	$	237,660	
 	 	$	193,855	
 	 	$	264,539	
 	 	$	105,208	
 	 	$	156,286	
 	 	$	91,494	
 	 	$	1,532,467	
 	
Goodwill	49,267	
 	 	105,286	
 	 	49,755	
 	 	216,589	
 	 	32,208	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	453,105	
 	
Permits and other intangibles, net	73,601	
 	 	14,649	
 	 	140,410	
 	 	256,251	
 	 	7,045	
 	 	14,862	
 	 	—	
 	 	506,818	
 	
Total assets	$	800,060	
 	 	$	368,858	
 	 	$	492,483	
 	 	$	805,488	
 	 	$	181,357	
 	 	$	244,210	
 	 	$	538,972	
 	 	$	3,431,428	
 	
The following table presents total assets by geographical area (in thousands):

 	June 30, 2016	 	December 31, 2015	
United States	$	2,837,201	
 	 	$	2,575,746	
 	
Canada	850,355	
 	 	851,949	
 	
Other foreign	4,825	
 	 	3,733	
 	
Total	$	3,692,381	
 	 	$	3,431,428	
 	
(17) GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The 2020 Notes and the 2021 Notes are guaranteed by substantially all of the Company's subsidiaries organized in the United States (the "U.S. Guarantor Subsidiaries"). Each U.S. Guarantor Subsidiary is a 100% owned subsidiary of Clean Harbors, Inc. ("Parent") and its guarantee is both full and unconditional and joint and several.  The guarantees, are however, subject to customary release provisions under which, in particular, the guarantee of any U.S. Guarantor Subsidiary will be released if we sell such subsidiary to an unrelated third party in accordance with the terms of the indenture which governs the notes. The 2020 Notes and the 2021 Notes are not guaranteed by Parent's Canadian or other foreign subsidiaries (the "Foreign Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries"). The following presents supplemental condensed consolidating financial information for Parent, the U.S. Guarantor Subsidiaries and the Foreign Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries, respectively.
As discussed further in Note 10, “Financing Arrangements,” to our consolidated financial statements included herein, on March 14, 2016, Parent issued through a private placement, $250.0 million aggregate principal amount as additional notes under the 2021 Notes. In connection with this offering the proceeds were then transferred to the US Guarantor Subsidiaries and are reflected as an investment of Parent in the U.S. Guarantor Subsidiaries for the period ending June 30, 2016.

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Following is the condensed consolidating balance sheet at June 30, 2016 (in thousands):

 	Clean
Harbors, Inc.	 	U.S. Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Foreign
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Consolidating
Adjustments	 	Total	
Assets:	 	

 	 	 	

Cash and cash equivalents	$	51,291	
 	 	$	224,493	
 	 	$	77,139	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	352,923	
 	
Intercompany receivables	181,741	
 	 	302,354	
 	 	30,741	
 	 	(514,836	)	 	—	
 	
Accounts receivable, net	—	
 	 	407,601	
 	 	96,148	
 	 	—	
 	 	503,749	
 	
Other current assets	378	
 	 	198,612	
 	 	63,472	
 	 	—	
 	 	262,462	
 	
Property, plant and equipment, net	—	
 	 	1,138,285	
 	 	456,702	
 	 	—	
 	 	1,594,987	
 	
Investments in subsidiaries	2,833,394	
 	 	514,708	
 	 	—	
 	 	(3,348,102	)	 	—	
 	
Intercompany debt receivable	—	
 	 	277,623	
 	 	3,701	
 	 	(281,324	)	 	—	
 	
Goodwill	—	
 	 	369,978	
 	 	91,513	
 	 	—	
 	 	461,491	
 	
Permits and other intangibles, net	—	
 	 	423,932	
 	 	68,292	
 	 	—	
 	 	492,224	
 	
Other long-term assets	1,412	
 	 	9,559	
 	 	13,574	
 	 	—	
 	 	24,545	
 	
Total assets	$	3,068,216	
 	 	$	3,867,145	
 	 	$	901,282	
 	 	$	(4,144,262	)	 	$	3,692,381	
 	
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:	 	

 	 	 	

Current liabilities	$	21,852	
 	 	$	427,367	
 	 	$	71,202	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	520,421	
 	
Intercompany payables	294,439	
 	 	217,430	
 	 	2,967	
 	 	(514,836	)	 	—	
 	
Closure, post-closure and remedial liabilities, net	—	
 	 	150,182	
 	 	15,252	
 	 	—	
 	 	165,434	
 	
Long-term obligations	1,631,881	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	1,631,881	
 	
Intercompany debt payable	3,701	
 	 	—	
 	 	277,623	
 	 	(281,324	)	 	—	
 	
Other long-term liabilities	—	
 	 	238,772	
 	 	19,530	
 	 	—	
 	 	258,302	
 	
Total liabilities	1,951,873	
 	 	1,033,751	
 	 	386,574	
 	 	(796,160	)	 	2,576,038	
 	
Stockholders’ equity	1,116,343	
 	 	2,833,394	
 	 	514,708	
 	 	(3,348,102	)	 	1,116,343	
 	
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	3,068,216	
 	 	$	3,867,145	
 	 	$	901,282	
 	 	$	(4,144,262	)	 	$	3,692,381	

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Following is the condensed consolidating balance sheet at December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

 	Clean
Harbors, Inc.	 	U.S. Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Foreign
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Consolidating
Adjustments	 	Total	
Assets:	 	

 	 	 	

Cash and cash equivalents	$	11,017	
 	 	$	83,479	
 	 	$	90,212	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	184,708	
 	
Intercompany receivables	164,709	
 	 	213,243	
 	 	39,804	
 	 	(417,756	)	 	—	
 	
Accounts receivables, net	—	
 	 	404,580	
 	 	91,424	
 	 	—	
 	 	496,004	
 	
Other current assets	—	
 	 	179,969	
 	 	60,515	
 	 	—	
 	 	240,484	
 	
Property, plant and equipment, net	—	
 	 	1,082,466	
 	 	450,001	
 	 	—	
 	 	1,532,467	
 	
Investments in subsidiaries	2,547,307	
 	 	522,067	
 	 	—	
 	 	(3,069,374	)	 	—	
 	
Intercompany debt receivable	—	
 	 	260,957	
 	 	3,701	
 	 	(264,658	)	 	—	
 	
Goodwill	—	
 	 	367,306	
 	 	85,799	
 	 	—	
 	 	453,105	
 	
Permits and other intangibles, net	—	
 	 	435,080	
 	 	71,738	
 	 	—	
 	 	506,818	
 	
Other long-term assets	1,068	
 	 	10,274	
 	 	6,500	
 	 	—	
 	 	17,842	
 	
Total assets	$	2,724,101	
 	 	$	3,559,421	
 	 	$	899,694	
 	 	$	(3,751,788	)	 	$	3,431,428	
 	
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:	 	

 	 	 	

Current liabilities	$	20,813	
 	 	$	424,588	
 	 	$	71,719	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	517,120	
 	
Intercompany payables	220,762	
 	 	195,287	
 	 	1,707	
 	 	(417,756	)	 	—	
 	
Closure, post-closure and remedial liabilities, net	—	
 	 	153,190	
 	 	14,656	
 	 	—	
 	 	167,846	
 	
Long-term obligations	1,382,543	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	1,382,543	
 	
Intercompany debt payable	3,701	
 	 	—	
 	 	260,957	
 	 	(264,658	)	 	—	
 	
Other long-term liabilities	—	
 	 	239,049	
 	 	28,588	
 	 	—	
 	 	267,637	
 	
Total liabilities	1,627,819	
 	 	1,012,114	
 	 	377,627	
 	 	(682,414	)	 	2,335,146	
 	
Stockholders’ equity	1,096,282	
 	 	2,547,307	
 	 	522,067	
 	 	(3,069,374	)	 	1,096,282	
 	
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,724,101	
 	 	$	3,559,421	
 	 	$	899,694	
 	 	$	(3,751,788	)	 	$	3,431,428	

21

Table of Contents

Following is the consolidating statement of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2016 (in thousands):

 	Clean
Harbors, Inc.	 	U.S. Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Foreign
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Consolidating
Adjustments	 	Total	
Revenues	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	

Service revenues	$	—	
 	 	$	456,013	
 	 	$	139,413	
 	 	$	(10,864	)	 	$	584,562	
 	
Product revenues	—	
 	 	95,648	
 	 	19,391	
 	 	(2,091	)	 	112,948	
 	
   Total revenues	—	
 	 	551,661	
 	 	158,804	
 	 	(12,955	)	 	697,510	
 	
Cost of revenues (exclusive of items shown separately below)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	

Service cost of revenues	(587	)	 	292,343	
 	 	107,792	
 	 	(10,864	)	 	388,684	
 	
Product cost of revenues	—	
 	 	79,108	
 	 	14,301	
 	 	(2,091	)	 	91,318	
 	
   Total cost of revenues	(587	)	 	371,451	
 	 	122,093	
 	 	(12,955	)	 	480,002	
 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	37	
 	 	83,882	
 	 	23,144	
 	 	—	
 	 	107,063	
 	
Accretion of environmental liabilities	—	
 	 	2,313	
 	 	235	
 	 	—	
 	 	2,548	
 	
Depreciation and amortization	—	
 	 	50,696	
 	 	22,697	
 	 	—	
 	 	73,393	
 	
Income (loss) from operations	550	
 	 	43,319	
 	 	(9,365	)	 	—	
 	 	34,504	
 	
Other expense (income)	—	
 	 	400	
 	 	(589	)	 	—	
 	 	(189	)	
Interest (expense) income	(22,962	)	 	1,284	
 	 	31	
 	 	—	
 	 	(21,647	)	
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries, net of taxes	17,413	
 	 	(9,195	)	 	—	
 	 	(8,218	)	 	—	
 	
Intercompany interest income (expense)	—	
 	 	5,497	
 	 	(5,497	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	
(Loss) income before (benefit) provision for income taxes	(4,999	)	 	41,305	
 	 	(15,420	)	 	(8,218	)	 	12,668	
 	
(Benefit) provision for income taxes	(8,965	)	 	23,892	
 	 	(6,225	)	 	—	
 	 	8,702	
 	
Net income (loss)	3,966	
 	 	17,413	
 	 	(9,195	)	 	(8,218	)	 	3,966	
 	
Other comprehensive loss	(1,178	)	 	(1,178	)	 	(597	)	 	1,775	
 	 	(1,178	)	
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	2,788	
 	 	$	16,235	
 	 	$	(9,792	)	 	$	(6,443	)	 	$	2,788	

22

Table of Contents

Following is the consolidating statement of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2015 (in thousands):

 	Clean
Harbors, Inc.	 	U.S. Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Foreign
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Consolidating
Adjustments	 	Total	
Revenues	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Service revenues	$	—	
 	 	$	628,408	
 	 	$	190,657	
 	 	$	(17,718	)	 	$	801,347	
 	
Product revenues	—	
 	 	115,335	
 	 	22,444	
 	 	(2,898	)	 	134,881	
 	
   Total revenues	—	
 	 	743,743	
 	 	213,101	
 	 	(20,616	)	 	936,228	
 	
Cost of revenues (exclusive of items shown separately below)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Service cost of revenues	—	
 	 	415,111	
 	 	147,477	
 	 	(17,718	)	 	544,870	
 	
Product cost of revenues	—	
 	 	98,258	
 	 	12,458	
 	 	(2,898	)	 	107,818	
 	
   Total cost of revenues	—	
 	 	513,369	
 	 	159,935	
 	 	(20,616	)	 	652,688	
 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	25	
 	 	93,677	
 	 	26,716	
 	 	—	
 	 	120,418	
 	
Accretion of environmental liabilities	—	
 	 	2,287	
 	 	312	
 	 	—	
 	 	2,599	
 	
Depreciation and amortization	—	
 	 	44,602	
 	 	23,171	
 	 	—	
 	 	67,773	
 	
Goodwill impairment charge	—	
 	 	4,164	
 	 	27,828	
 	 	—	
 	 	31,992	
 	
(Loss) income from operations	(25	)	 	85,644	
 	 	(24,861	)	 	—	
 	 	60,758	
 	
Other income (expense)	—	
 	 	168	
 	 	(828	)	 	—	
 	 	(660	)	
Interest (expense) income	(19,652	)	 	324	
 	 	79	
 	 	—	
 	 	(19,249	)	
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries, net of taxes	22,201	
 	 	(29,550	)	 	—	
 	 	7,349	
 	 	—	
 	
Intercompany interest income (expense)	—	
 	 	6,036	
 	 	(6,036	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	
Income (loss) before (benefit) provision for income taxes	2,524	
 	 	62,622	
 	 	(31,646	)	 	7,349	
 	 	40,849	
 	
(Benefit) provision for income taxes	(7,871	)	 	40,421	
 	 	(2,096	)	 	—	
 	 	30,454	
 	
Net income (loss)	10,395	
 	 	22,201	
 	 	(29,550	)	 	7,349	
 	 	10,395	
 	
Other comprehensive income	12,231	
 	 	12,231	
 	 	8,061	
 	 	(20,292	)	 	12,231	
 	
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	22,626	
 	 	$	34,432	
 	 	$	(21,489	)	 	$	(12,943	)	 	$	22,626	

23

Table of Contents

Following is the consolidating statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016 (in thousands):

 	Clean
Harbors, Inc.	 	U.S. Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Foreign
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Consolidating
Adjustments	 	Total	
Revenues	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Service revenues	$	—	
 	 	$	884,490	
 	 	$	253,436	
 	 	$	(23,133	)	 	$	1,114,793	
 	
Product revenues	—	
 	 	185,236	
 	 	38,104	
 	 	(4,540	)	 	218,800	
 	
   Total revenues	—	
 	 	1,069,726	
 	 	291,540	
 	 	(27,673	)	 	1,333,593	
 	
Cost of revenues (exclusive of items shown separately below)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Service cost of revenues	(587	)	 	575,307	
 	 	211,083	
 	 	(23,133	)	 	762,670	
 	
Product cost of revenues	—	
 	 	158,462	
 	 	27,689	
 	 	(4,540	)	 	181,611	
 	
   Total cost of revenues	(587	)	 	733,769	
 	 	238,772	
 	 	(27,673	)	 	944,281	
 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	61	
 	 	164,537	
 	 	46,949	
 	 	—	
 	 	211,547	
 	
Accretion of environmental liabilities	—	
 	 	4,603	
 	 	450	
 	 	—	
 	 	5,053	
 	
Depreciation and amortization	—	
 	 	99,391	
 	 	42,904	
 	 	—	
 	 	142,295	
 	
Income (loss) from operations	526	
 	 	67,426	
 	 	(37,535	)	 	—	
 	 	30,417	
 	
Other income (expense)	—	
 	 	312	
 	 	(851	)	 	—	
 	 	(539	)	
Interest (expense) income	(43,105	)	 	2,395	
 	 	83	
 	 	—	
 	 	(40,627	)	
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries, net of taxes	8,642	
 	 	(35,690	)	 	—	
 	 	27,048	
 	 	—	
 	
Intercompany interest income (expense)	—	
 	 	10,656	
 	 	(10,656	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	
(Loss) income before (benefit) provision for income taxes	(33,937	)	 	45,099	
 	 	(48,959	)	 	27,048	
 	 	(10,749	)	
(Benefit) provision for income taxes	(17,032	)	 	36,457	
 	 	(13,269	)	 	—	
 	 	6,156	
 	
Net (loss) income	(16,905	)	 	8,642	
 	 	(35,690	)	 	27,048	
 	 	(16,905	)	
Other comprehensive gain	44,659	
 	 	44,659	
 	 	28,330	
 	 	(72,989	)	 	44,659	
 	
Comprehensive gain (loss)	$	27,754	
 	 	$	53,301	
 	 	$	(7,360	)	 	$	(45,941	)	 	$	27,754	

    

24

Table of Contents

Following is the consolidating statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2015 (in thousands):

 	Clean
Harbors, Inc.	 	U.S. Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Foreign
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Consolidating
Adjustments	 	Total	
Revenues	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Service revenues	$	—	
 	 	$	1,046,925	
 	 	$	384,110	
 	 	$	(33,358	)	 	$	1,397,677	
 	
Product revenues	—	
 	 	231,871	
 	 	45,648	
 	 	(6,469	)	 	271,050	
 	
   Total revenues	—	
 	 	1,278,796	
 	 	429,758	
 	 	(39,827	)	 	1,668,727	
 	
Cost of revenues (exclusive of items shown separately below)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Service cost of revenues	—	
 	 	692,713	
 	 	301,905	
 	 	(33,358	)	 	961,260	
 	
Product cost of revenues	—	
 	 	213,544	
 	 	30,860	
 	 	(6,469	)	 	237,935	
 	
   Total cost of revenues	—	
 	 	906,257	
 	 	332,765	
 	 	(39,827	)	 	1,199,195	
 	
Selling, general and administrative expenses	50	
 	 	174,661	
 	 	53,422	
 	 	—	
 	 	228,133	
 	
Accretion of environmental liabilities	—	
 	 	4,593	
 	 	625	
 	 	—	
 	 	5,218	
 	
Depreciation and amortization	—	
 	 	90,403	
 	 	45,726	
 	 	—	
 	 	136,129	
 	
Goodwill impairment charge	—	
 	 	4,164	
 	 	27,828	
 	 	—	
 	 	31,992	
 	
(Loss) income from operations	(50	)	 	98,718	
 	 	(30,608	)	 	—	
 	 	68,060	
 	
Other income (expense)	—	
 	 	279	
 	 	(530	)	 	—	
 	 	(251	)	
Interest (expense) income	(39,291	)	 	502	
 	 	102	
 	 	—	
 	 	(38,687	)	
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries, net of taxes	26,910	
 	 	(36,579	)	 	—	
 	 	9,669	
 	 	—	
 	
Intercompany interest income (expense)	—	
 	 	12,013	
 	 	(12,013	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	
(Loss) income before (benefit) provision for income taxes	(12,431	)	 	74,933	
 	 	(43,049	)	 	9,669	
 	 	29,122	
 	
(Benefit) provision for income taxes	(15,737	)	 	48,023	
 	 	(6,470	)	 	—	
 	 	25,816	
 	
Net income (loss)	3,306	
 	 	26,910	
 	 	(36,579	)	 	9,669	
 	 	3,306	
 	
Other comprehensive loss	(65,172	)	 	(65,172	)	 	(42,574	)	 	107,746	
 	 	(65,172	)	
Comprehensive loss	$	(61,866	)	 	$	(38,262	)	 	$	(79,153	)	 	$	117,415	
 	 	$	(61,866	)	

25

Table of Contents

Following is the condensed consolidating statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2016 (in thousands):

 	Clean
Harbors, Inc.	 	U.S. Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Foreign
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Consolidating Adjustments	 	Total	
Net cash from (used in) operating activities	$	42,990	
 	 	$	65,860	
 	 	$	11,201	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	120,051	
 	
Cash flows used in investing activities:	 	

 	 	 	 	 	
 	
Additions to property, plant and equipment	—	
 	 	(105,175	)	 	(18,354	)	 	—	
 	 	(123,529	)	
Proceeds from sales of fixed assets	—	
 	 	694	
 	 	1,974	
 	 	—	
 	 	2,668	
 	
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	—	
 	 	(48,989	)	 	(10,000	)	 	—	
 	 	(58,989	)	
Costs to obtain or renew permits	—	
 	 	(908	)	 	(65	)	 	—	
 	 	(973	)	
Purchase of available-for-sale securities	(102	)	 	—	
 	 	(496	)	 	—	
 	 	(598	)	
Investment in subsidiaries	(250,625	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	250,625	
 	 	—	
 	
Intercompany	—	
 	 	(11,827	)	 	—	
 	 	11,827	
 	 	—	
 	
Net cash used in investing activities	(250,727	)	 	(166,205	)	 	(26,941	)	 	262,452	
 	 	(181,421	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash flows from (used in) financing activities:	 	

 	 	 	 	 	
 	
Change in uncashed checks	—	
 	 	(9,266	)	 	(1,756	)	 	—	
 	 	(11,022	)	
Exercise of stock options	184	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	184	
 	
Issuance of restricted shares, net of shares remitted	(1,879	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(1,879	)	
Repurchases of common stock	(10,134	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(10,134	)	
Excess tax benefit of stock-based compensation	2	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	2	
 	
Deferred financing costs paid	(2,614	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(2,614	)	
Issuance of senior secured notes, including premium	250,625	
 	 	250,625	
 	 	—	
 	 	(250,625	)	 	250,625	
 	
Intercompany	11,827	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(11,827	)	 	—	
 	
Net cash from (used in) financing activities	248,011	
 	 	241,359	
 	 	(1,756	)	 	(262,452	)	 	225,162	
 	
Effect of exchange rate change on cash	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	4,423	
 	 	—	
 	 	4,423	
 	
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	40,274	
 	 	141,014	
 	 	(13,073	)	 	—	
 	 	168,215	
 	
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	11,017	
 	 	83,479	
 	 	90,212	
 	 	—	
 	 	184,708	
 	
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	51,291	
 	 	$	224,493	
 	 	$	77,139	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	352,923	

26

Table of Contents

Following is the condensed consolidating statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2015 (in thousands):

 	Clean
Harbors, Inc.	 	U.S. Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Foreign
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries	 	Consolidating Adjustments	 	Total	
Net cash from operating activities	$	4,913	
 	 	$	158,241	
 	 	$	30,661	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	193,815	
 	
Cash flows used in investing activities:	 	

 	 	 	 	 	
 	
Additions to property, plant and equipment	—	
 	 	(104,068	)	 	(20,077	)	 	—	
 	 	(124,145	)	
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets	—	
 	 	368	
 	 	2,278	
 	 	—	
 	 	2,646	
 	
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	—	
 	 	(79,610	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(79,610	)	
Costs to obtain or renew permits	—	
 	 	(4	)	 	(3,084	)	 	—	
 	 	(3,088	)	
Intercompany	—	
 	 	(31,830	)	 	—	
 	 	31,830	
 	 	—	
 	
Net cash used in investing activities	—	
 	 	(215,144	)	 	(20,883	)	 	31,830	
 	 	(204,197	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash flows used in financing activities:	 	

 	 	 	 	 	
 	
Change in uncashed checks	—	
 	 	(16,474	)	 	(5,686	)	 	—	
 	 	(22,160	)	
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	397	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	397	
 	
Issuance of restricted shares, net of shares remitted	(1,837	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(1,837	)	
Repurchases of common stock	(32,203	)	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(32,203	)	
Excess tax benefit of stock-based compensation	102	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	102	
 	
Payments of capital leases	—	
 	 	(193	)	 	(278	)	 	—	
 	 	(471	)	
Intercompany	31,830	
 	 	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(31,830	)	 	—	
 	
Net cash used in financing activities	(1,711	)	 	(16,667	)	 	(5,964	)	 	(31,830	)	 	(56,172	)	
Effect of exchange rate change on cash	—	
 	 	—	
 	 	(6,704	)	 	—	
 	 	(6,704	)	
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	3,202	
 	 	(73,570	)	 	(2,890	)	 	—	
 	 	(73,258	)	
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	1,006	
 	 	154,147	
 	 	91,726	
 	 	—	
 	 	246,879	
 	
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	4,208	
 	 	$	80,577	
 	 	$	88,836	
 	 	$	—	
 	 	$	173,621	
 	
(18) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
During July 2016, the Company completed two acquisitions as follows:
 	 	
i.	A privately owned company with operations primarily in the northwest region of the United States which specializes in recycling and waste management as well as operating an oil re-refinery. This site operates with a Part B permit and will be integrated across the Technical Services, Industrial and Field Services, Kleen Performance Products and SK Environmental Services segments of Clean Harbors.	
 	 	
ii.	A privately owned operating facility located in southern California which will expand the Company’s capabilities for the storage and handling of used oils and other waste. This site operates with a Part B permit and will be integrated into the SK Environmental segment of Clean Harbors.	
These acquisitions expand the Company's geographic footprint and presence on the west coast of the United States while also increasing capabilities across its waste network and supporting growth initiatives in the SK Environmental and Kleen Performance Products segments. The aggregate purchase price of these acquisitions was approximately $101.0 million paid in cash and subject to customary post-closing adjustments.
During July 2016, the Company also entered into purchase and sale agreements for three potential acquisitions for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $50.0 million. These acquisitions are expected to be completed in August of 2016. These acquisitions will be integrated across the Kleen Performance Products and SK Environmental Services segments of Clean Harbors.
On August 2, 2016 the Company entered into an agreement to sell a non-core line of business within its Industrial and Field Services segment. Proceeds are expected to be approximately $50.0 million with the sale expected to be completed during the third quarter of 2016.

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ITEM 2.                        MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  
Forward-Looking Statements 
In addition to historical information, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements, which are generally identifiable by use of the words “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “plans to,” “estimates,” “projects,” or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in these forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed under Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 25, 2016, under Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” included in Part II—Other Information in this report, and in other documents we file from time to time with the SEC.  Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinions only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements.
Overview

We are North America’s leading provider of environmental, energy and industrial services. We serve a diverse customer base, including a majority of the Fortune 500, across the chemical, energy, manufacturing and additional markets, as well as numerous government agencies. These customers rely on us to deliver a broad range of services including but not limited to end-to-end hazardous waste management, emergency spill response, industrial cleaning and maintenance, and recycling services. Through our acquisition in December 2012 of Safety-Kleen, Inc. ("Safety-Kleen"), we are also the largest re-refiner and recycler of used oil in the world and the largest provider of parts cleaning and environmental services to commercial, industrial and automotive customers in North America.

Performance of our segments is evaluated on several factors of which the primary financial measure is Adjusted EBITDA as described more fully below. The following is a discussion of how management evaluates its segments in regards to other factors including key performance indicators that management uses to assess the segments’ results as well as certain macroeconomic trends and influences that impact each reportable segment:
 	 	
•	Technical Services - Technical Services segment results are predicated upon the demand by our customers for waste services directly attributable to waste volumes generated by them and the existence of project work contracted by the Technical Services segment and/or other segments of Clean Harbors whereby waste handling and/or disposal is required. In managing the business and evaluating performance, management tracks the volumes of waste handled and disposed of through our owned incinerators and landfills as well as the utilization of such incinerators. Levels of activity and ultimate performance associated with this segment can be impacted by inherent seasonality in the business and weather conditions, market conditions and overall levels of industrial activity, efficiency of our operations, competition and market pricing of our services and the management of our related operating costs.	

•	Industrial and Field Services - Industrial and Field Services segment results are impacted by the demand for planned and unplanned industrial related cleaning and maintenance services at customer sites and the requirement for environmental cleanup services on a scheduled or emergency basis, including response to national events such as major oil spills, natural disasters or other events where immediate and specialized services are pertinent. Management considers the number of plant sites where services are contracted and expected site turnaround schedules to be indicators of the businesses’ performance along with the existence of local or national events.	

•	Kleen Performance Products - Kleen Performance Products results are significantly impacted by the overall market pricing and product mix associated with base and blended oil products and more specifically the published prices of Group II base oils, which historically have seen correlation with overall crude oil prices which have experienced significant decline since 2014. Costs incurred in connection with the collection of used oils, which are raw materials associated with the segment’s products, can also be volatile as was the case for much of fiscal year 2015 when such costs were disconnected from market pricing of the based and blended oil products sold by the segment. Given the impact of lower base and blended oil pricing, we are now charging stop fees related to our used oil collection services which have allowed us to effectively manage the profit spreads inherent in the business. The implementation of our closed loop model resulting in the direct sales of our renewable oil products to end customers will also impact future operating results.	

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•	SK Environmental Services - SK Environmental Services segment results are significantly impacted by the number of parts washers serviced by the business and the ability to attract small quantity waste producers as customers and integrate them into the Clean Harbors waste network. Performance is also predicated upon the segment management’s ability to manage related costs associated with transportation and the servicing of customers and successfully managing costs associated with the collection of used oils which are then transferred to the Kleen Performance Products segment.	

•	Lodging Services - Lodging Services segment results are dependent upon levels of construction and maintenance activity associated with the oil and related industries in the Oil Sands and other regions of Western Canada in which our camps and lodges operate as well as demand for our modular unit production. Levels of overall activity in these regions drive the demand and related pricing for lodging and camp accommodations and related services. To mitigate the decrease in demand experienced in this business, we have targeted more non-traditional markets such as schools, hospitals, and other municipal structures to offer our modular unit accommodations and related services. Given that segment's operations are located entirely in Canada, the impact of foreign currency translations which result from changes in the exchange rates between the U.S. and Canadian dollar can significantly impact the amounts associated with overall business results.	

•	Oil and Gas Field Services - Oil and Gas Field Services segment results are significantly impacted by overall levels of oil and gas related exploration, drilling activity and production in North America. The levels of such exploration, drilling activity and production are largely dependent upon the number of oil rigs in operation, as well as global and North American oil prices on which such activity levels are strongly predicated. Since the third quarter of 2014, crude oil prices have declined approximately 48%. This oil price volatility and future price uncertainty has resulted in lower activity levels which are negatively impacting the business’ results. The majority of the segment's operations are in Canada, and therefore the impact of US to Canadian dollar foreign currency translation also significantly impacts the segment’s results.	

Highlights

Total revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 were $697.5 million and $1.3 billion, respectively, compared with $936.2 million and $1.7 billion in the three and six months ended June 30, 2015. Decreases in total revenues were primarily related to lower levels of emergency response projects, continued weakness in crude oil markets which have significantly and negatively impacted our Industrial Services, Oil & Gas Field Services and Lodging Services segments in Western Canada, reductions in commodity pricing, weakening of the Canadian dollar and an overall slowdown in industrial production. Direct revenues recorded by our Kleen Performance Products in the three months ended June 30, 2016 and SK Environmental Services in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 increased total revenues from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to our recent acquisitions. The weaker Canadian dollar and related effects of foreign currency translation on our Canadian business operations also negatively impacted direct revenues by approximately $6.9 million and $19.6 million, respectively, in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the comparable periods in 2015. Changes in segment revenues are more fully described in our Segment Performance section below.
We reported income from operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 of $34.5 million and $30.4 million, respectively, compared with $60.8 million and $68.1 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2015. Net income for the three months ended June 30, 2016 was $4.0 million as compared to $10.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015. We reported a net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2016 of $16.9 million as compared to net income of $3.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. Adjusted EBITDA, which is the primary financial measure by which our segments are evaluated, decreased 32.3% to $110.4 million from $163.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and decreased 26.4% to $177.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $241.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. The decreased levels of EBITDA in the three and six month ended June 30, 2016 was attributable to lower revenue amounts as described above offset by significant cost reduction initiatives which the Company successfully undertook in fiscal year 2016. Additional information, including a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income(loss), appears below under the heading  "Adjusted EBITDA."

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Segment Performance

Performance of our segments is evaluated on several factors of which the primary financial measure is Adjusted EBITDA. The following table sets forth certain operating data associated with our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands).

 	Summary of Operations (in thousands)	
 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30, 2016	 	June 30, 2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	June 30, 2016	 	June 30, 2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Third Party Revenues (1) :	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Technical Services	$	229,130	
 	 	$	248,025	
 	 	$	(18,895	)	 	(7.6)%	 	$	448,235	
 	 	$	488,350	
 	 	$	(40,115	)	 	(8.2)%	
Industrial and Field Services	153,851	
 	 	353,329	
 	 	(199,478	)	 	(56.5)	 	275,428	
 	 	500,197	
 	 	(224,769	)	 	(44.9)	
Kleen Performance Products	86,711	
 	 	99,104	
 	 	(12,393	)	 	(12.5)	 	154,254	
 	 	195,911	
 	 	(41,657	)	 	(21.3)	
SK Environmental Services	191,004	
 	 	175,876	
 	 	15,128	
 	 	8.6	 	370,422	
 	 	336,560	
 	 	33,862	
 	 	10.1	
Lodging Services	16,418	
 	 	21,171	
 	 	(4,753	)	 	(22.5)	 	32,063	
 	 	55,275	
 	 	(23,212	)	 	(42.0)	
Oil and Gas Field Services	19,232	
 	 	38,617	
 	 	(19,385	)	 	(50.2)	 	51,248	
 	 	92,204	
 	 	(40,956	)	 	(44.4)	
Corporate Items	1,164	
 	 	106	
 	 	1,058	
 	 	998.1	 	1,943	
 	 	230	
 	 	1,713	
 	 	744.8	
Total	$	697,510	
 	 	$	936,228	
 	 	$	(238,718	)	 	(25.5)%	 	$	1,333,593	
 	 	$	1,668,727	
 	 	$	(335,134	)	 	(20.1)%	
Direct Revenues(1):	 	

 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	
Technical Services	$	265,375	
 	 	$	287,422	
 	 	$	(22,047	)	 	(7.7)%	 	$	519,712	
 	 	$	563,948	
 	 	$	(44,236	)	 	(7.8)%	
Industrial and Field Services	144,510	
 	 	341,698	
 	 	(197,188	)	 	(57.7)	 	258,604	
 	 	482,083	
 	 	(223,479	)	 	(46.4)	
Kleen Performance Products	79,111	
 	 	77,675	
 	 	1,436	
 	 	1.8	 	137,246	
 	 	156,224	
 	 	(18,978	)	 	(12.1)	
SK Environmental Services	169,513	
 	 	167,077	
 	 	2,436	
 	 	1.5	 	330,184	
 	 	316,179	
 	 	14,005	
 	 	4.4	
Lodging Services	16,569	
 	 	22,243	
 	 	(5,674	)	 	(25.5)	 	32,499	
 	 	56,528	
 	 	(24,029	)	 	(42.5)	
Oil and Gas Field Services	21,712	
 	 	40,811	
 	 	(19,099	)	 	(46.8)	 	54,694	
 	 	95,739	
 	 	(41,045	)	 	(42.9)	
Corporate Items	720	
 	 	(698	)	 	1,418	
 	 	203.2	 	654	
 	 	(1,974	)	 	2,628	
 	 	133.1	
Total	697,510	
 	 	936,228	
 	 	(238,718	)	 	(25.5)	 	1,333,593	
 	 	1,668,727	
 	 	(335,134	)	 	(20.1)	
Cost of Revenues(2):	 	

 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	
Technical Services	176,908	
 	 	189,504	
 	 	(12,596	)	 	(6.6)	 	350,954	
 	 	379,044	
 	 	(28,090	)	 	(7.4)	
Industrial and Field Services	109,680	
 	 	250,843	
 	 	(141,163	)	 	(56.3)	 	207,097	
 	 	365,262	
 	 	(158,165	)	 	(43.3)	
Kleen Performance Products	64,512	
 	 	57,309	
 	 	7,203	
 	 	12.6	 	113,886	
 	 	135,533	
 	 	(21,647	)	 	(16.0)	
SK Environmental Services	96,086	
 	 	99,526	
 	 	(3,440	)	 	(3.5)	 	194,141	
 	 	194,056	
 	 	85	
 	 	—	
Lodging Services	12,574	
 	 	16,924	
 	 	(4,350	)	 	(25.7)	 	26,403	
 	 	42,684	
 	 	(16,281	)	 	(38.1)	
Oil and Gas Field Services	22,369	
 	 	37,310	
 	 	(14,941	)	 	(40.0)	 	52,570	
 	 	84,723	
 	 	(32,153	)	 	(38.0)	
Corporate Items	(2,127	)	 	1,272	
 	 	(3,399	)	 	(267.2)	 	(770	)	 	(2,107	)	 	1,337	
 	 	(63.5)	
Total	480,002	
 	 	652,688	
 	 	(172,686	)	 	(26.5)	 	944,281	
 	 	1,199,195	
 	 	(254,914	)	 	(21.3)	
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses:	 	

 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	
Technical Services	19,576	
 	 	21,110	
 	 	(1,534	)	 	(7.3)	 	39,469	
 	 	44,695	
 	 	(5,226	)	 	(11.7)	
Industrial and Field Services	14,884	
 	 	17,774	
 	 	(2,890	)	 	(16.3)	 	29,443	
 	 	33,431	
 	 	(3,988	)	 	(11.9)	
Kleen Performance Products	4,604	
 	 	4,542	
 	 	62	
 	 	1.4	 	8,805	
 	 	9,343	
 	 	(538	)	 	(5.8)	
SK Environmental Services	28,188	
 	 	26,356	
 	 	1,832	
 	 	7.0	 	55,309	
 	 	53,679	
 	 	1,630	
 	 	3.0	
Lodging Services	973	
 	 	1,467	
 	 	(494	)	 	(33.7)	 	2,055	
 	 	3,082	
 	 	(1,027	)	 	(33.3)	
Oil and Gas Field Services	3,550	
 	 	5,683	
 	 	(2,133	)	 	(37.5)	 	7,725	
 	 	11,795	
 	 	(4,070	)	 	(34.5)	
Corporate Items	35,288	
 	 	43,486	
 	 	(8,198	)	 	(18.9)	 	68,741	
 	 	72,108	
 	 	(3,367	)	 	(4.7)	
Total	107,063	
 	 	120,418	
 	 	(13,355	)	 	(11.1)	 	211,547	
 	 	228,133	
 	 	(16,586	)	 	(7.3)	
Adjusted EBITDA:	 	

 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	
Technical Services	68,891	
 	 	76,808	
 	 	(7,917	)	 	(10.3)	 	129,289	
 	 	140,209	
 	 	(10,920	)	 	(7.8)	
Industrial and Field Services	19,946	
 	 	73,081	
 	 	(53,135	)	 	(72.7)	 	22,064	
 	 	83,390	
 	 	(61,326	)	 	(73.5)	
Kleen Performance Products	9,995	
 	 	15,824	
 	 	(5,829	)	 	(36.8)	 	14,555	
 	 	11,348	
 	 	3,207	
 	 	28.3	
SK Environmental Services	45,239	
 	 	41,195	
 	 	4,044	
 	 	9.8	 	80,734	
 	 	68,444	
 	 	12,290	
 	 	18.0	
Lodging Services	3,022	
 	 	3,852	
 	 	(830	)	 	(21.5)	 	4,041	
 	 	10,762	
 	 	(6,721	)	 	(62.5)	
Oil and Gas Field Services	(4,207	)	 	(2,182	)	 	(2,025	)	 	(92.8)	 	(5,601	)	 	(779	)	 	(4,822	)	 	(619.0)	
Corporate Items	(32,441	)	 	(45,456	)	 	13,015	
 	 	28.6	 	(67,317	)	 	(71,975	)	 	4,658	
 	 	6.5	
Total	$	110,445	
 	 	$	163,122	
 	 	$	(52,677	)	 	(32.3)%	 	$	177,765	
 	 	$	241,399	
 	 	$	(63,634	)	 	(26.4)%	
______________________
 	 	
1.	Third party revenue is revenue billed to outside customers by a particular segment. Direct revenue is revenue allocated to the segment performing the provided service.	
 	 	
2.	Cost of revenue is shown exclusive of items presented separately on the statements of operations which consist of (i) accretion of environmental liabilities and (ii) depreciation and amortization.	

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Direct Revenues

There are many factors which have impacted, and continue to impact, our revenues. These factors include, but are not limited to: the level of emergency response projects, overall industrial activity, foreign currency translation, acquisitions, general conditions of the oil and gas related industries, competitive industry pricing, and the effects of fuel prices on our fuel recovery fees.
Technical Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Direct revenues	$	265,375	
 	 	$	287,422	
 	 	$	(22,047	)	 	(7.7	)%	 	$	519,712	
 	 	$	563,948	
 	 	$	(44,236	)	 	(7.8	)%	
Technical Services direct revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $22.0 million and $44.2 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to decreased revenues associated with our waste disposal services whereby waste is disposed of through our incinerator and landfill facilities network. This direct revenue decrease was impacted by lower waste volumes disposed of in our landfills, which decreased 21% and 28%, respectively, in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015. These decreases were primarily due to lower oil and gas production waste streams as well as project delays and lower customer spending. The utilization rate at our incinerators was 88.1% and 87.3%, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, compared with 91.4% and 91.2%, respectively, in the comparable periods of 2015. The decrease in utilization rate in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015 was primarily due to lower overall industrial production, energy related waste streams, and a higher turnaround schedule at our incineration facilities in the first six months ended June 30, 2016.
Industrial and Field Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Direct revenues	$	144,510	
 	 	$	341,698	
 	 	$	(197,188	)	 	(57.7	)%	 	$	258,604	
 	 	$	482,083	
 	 	$	(223,479	)	 	(46.4	)%	
Industrial and Field Services direct revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $197.2 million and $223.5 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015. The decreases were primarily due to the existence of large emergency response projects which occurred during the second quarter of 2015 and did not exist in 2016. In the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, large emergency response projects accounted for revenues of $168.0 million and $169.4 million, respectively. In addition, lower activity levels and pricing pressures in the current periods across North America reduced customer spending on maintenance and turnaround projects resulting in a decrease in revenues of $20.5 million and $46.6 million, respectively, in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015. Inclusive in the year over year changes within this segment were negative impacts of foreign currency translation on our Canadian operations of approximately $2.4 million and $5.7 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015.
Kleen Performance Products

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Direct revenues	$	79,111	
 	 	$	77,675	
 	 	$	1,436	
 	 	1.8	%	 	$	137,246	
 	 	$	156,224	
 	 	$	(18,978	)	 	(12.1	)%	
Kleen Performance Products direct revenues represent third party revenues, which are earned on sales to external customers, reduced by intersegment revenues consisting of amounts paid to the SK Environmental Services segment for collections of used oil which is then further processed into manufacturing base and blended oil products sold by this segment. Direct revenues attributable to the Kleen Performance Products segment increased $1.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable period in 2015. Increases in these revenues were derived from acquisitions which accounted for $12.1 million of incremental revenue and intersegment revenues were reduced by $13.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2016 due to successful management in our charge-for-oil program. These items were partially offset by the impacts of decreases in base and blended pricing, which accounted for a $24.6 million decrease to direct revenues in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable period

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in 2015. Inclusive in the year over year changes within this segment were also the negative impacts of foreign currency translation on our Canadian operations of approximately $1.0 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable period in 2015.
Direct revenues attributable to the Kleen Performance Products segment decreased $19.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable period in 2015. Decreases in base and blended pricing, which accounted for a $52.2 million decrease to direct revenues in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable period in 2015 was partially offset by revenues derived from acquisitions of $12.1 million and intersegment revenues which was reduced by $22.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2016 due to successful management in our charge-for-oil program. Inclusive in the year over year changes within this segment were also the negative impacts of foreign currency translation on our Canadian operations of approximately $2.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable period in 2015.
SK Environmental Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Direct revenues	$	169,513	
 	 	$	167,077	
 	 	$	2,436	
 	 	1.5	%	 	$	330,184	
 	 	$	316,179	
 	 	$	14,005	
 	 	4.4	%	
SK Environmental Services direct revenues include intersegment revenues earned from the sale of used oil collections to the Kleen Performance Products segment. SK Environmental Services direct revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 increased $2.4 million and $14.0 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to increased revenues as a result of acquisitions and incremental organic growth related to the segment’s core service offerings. These increases more than offset the expected reductions in direct revenues derived from intersegment revenues earned through the sale of used oil to the Kleen Performance Products segment and resulting from the successful management in our charge-for-oil program.
Lodging Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Direct revenues	$	16,569	
 	 	$	22,243	
 	 	$	(5,674	)	 	(25.5	)%	 	$	32,499	
 	 	$	56,528	
 	 	$	(24,029	)	 	(42.5	)%	
Lodging Services direct revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $5.7 million and $24.0 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to lower pricing consistent with overall market conditions which resulted in a decrease in direct revenue of $2.9 million and $14.0 million, respectively. The occupancy rate at our primary fixed lodges for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was 44% and 34%, respectively, compared to 31% and 41%, respectively, in the comparable periods in 2015. Direct revenues derived from our camps and catering services decreased $3.0 million and $10.6 million, respectively, in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015. Inclusive in the year over year changes within this segment were also the negative impacts of foreign currency translation on our Canadian operations of approximately $0.8 million and $2.5 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015.
Oil and Gas Field Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Direct revenues	$	21,712	
 	 	$	40,811	
 	 	$	(19,099	)	 	(46.8	)%	 	$	54,694	
 	 	$	95,739	
 	 	$	(41,045	)	 	(42.9	)%	
Oil and Gas Field Services direct revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $19.1 million and $41.0 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to lower levels of business activity and rig counts serviced by the businesses which negatively impacted the utilization and overall pricing of our rental equipment and production services assets. Lower exploration budgets of our customers, project cancellations, and reduced customer spending also negatively impacted results in 2016. Rig count serviced by the Oil and Gas Field Services segment decreased approximately 42% and 58% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015. Inclusive in the year over year changes within

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this segment was also the negative impact of foreign currency translation on our Canadian operations of approximately $0.9 million and $2.9 million, respectively, in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015.
Cost of Revenues 
We believe that our ability to manage operating costs is important to our ability to remain price competitive. We continue to upgrade the quality and efficiency of our services through the development of new technology and continued modifications at our facilities, and implementation of strategic sourcing and other cost reduction initiatives in an effort to improve our operating margins.
Technical Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Cost of revenues	$	176,908	
 	 	$	189,504	
 	 	$	(12,596	)	 	(6.6	)%	 	$	350,954	
 	 	$	379,044	
 	 	$	(28,090	)	 	(7.4)%	
As a % of Direct Revenue	66.7	%	 	65.9	%	 	 	 	0.8	 %	 	67.5	%	 	67.2	%	 	 	 	0.3	%	
Technical Services cost of revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $12.6 million from the comparable period in 2015 due primarily to decreases in material costs of $3.2 million, transportation and fuel cost of $2.4 million, equipment rental costs of $2.5 million, and labor related costs of $2.1 million. As a percentage of revenues, our costs remained consistent in the three months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the comparable period in 2015.
Technical Services cost of revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $28.1 million from the comparable period in 2015 due primarily to decreases in transportation and fuel cost of $7.8 million, material costs of $6.4 million, labor related costs of $3.5 million, equipment rental costs of $3.3 million, repairs and maintenance costs of $1.2 million as well as smaller reductions across several other expense categories. As a percentage of revenues, our costs remained consistent in the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the comparable periods in 2015.
Industrial and Field Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Cost of revenues	$	109,680	
 	 	$	250,843	
 	 	$	(141,163	)	 	(56.3	)%	 	$	207,097	
 	 	$	365,262	
 	 	$	(158,165	)	 	(43.3	)%	
As a % of Direct Revenue	75.9	%	 	73.4	%	 	 	 	2.5	 %	 	80.1	%	 	75.8	%	 	 	 	4.3	 %	
Industrial and Field Services cost of revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $141.2 million and $158.2 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015, primarily due to decreases in equipment rental costs of $111.0 million and $115.4 million, respectively, raw material costs of $14.0 million and $14.6 million, respectively, labor related costs of $9.0 million and $13.6 million, respectively, and transportation and fuel cost of $1.7 million and $4.1 million, respectively. Cost of revenues as a percentage of direct revenue increased 2.5% and 4.3% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015. These decreased cost levels and increases as a percentage of revenue is attributable to the lack of large scale emergency response projects in the current periods.
Kleen Performance Products

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Cost of revenues	$	64,512	
 	 	$	57,309	
 	 	$	7,203	
 	 	12.6	%	 	$	113,886	
 	 	$	135,533	
 	 	$	(21,647	)	 	(16.0	)%	
As a % of Direct Revenue	81.5	%	 	73.8	%	 	 	 	7.7	%	 	83.0	%	 	86.8	%	 	 	 	(3.8	)%	
Kleen Performance Products cost of revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2016 increased $7.2 million from the comparable period in 2015 primarily due to increases in oil additives and other raw material costs of $7.9 million partially offset by decreases in transportation and fuel costs of $1.8 million. The increase in costs was driven primarily by our recent acquisitions during the three months ended June 30, 2016 which increased our blending and packaging capabilities. These increased cost levels resulted in cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues increasing by 7.7% in the three months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the same period of 2015.

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Kleen Performance Products cost of revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $21.6 million from the comparable period in 2015 primarily due to decreased costs of used oil inventory consumed during the first six months of 2016. During the first six months of 2015 the segment recognized charges for high priced inventory amounting to $21.7 million and related to used oil collected prior to the full implementation of the Company’s charge-for-oil program. In addition, transportation and fuel costs decreased $3.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable period in 2015. These decreases were partially offset by increases in oil additives and other raw material costs of $6.1 million primarily related to our recent acquisitions during the period. As a percentage of revenues, these costs decreased 3.8% in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable period in 2015 primarily as a result of the higher inventory cost realized during the first six months of 2015 that did not occur in the comparable period in 2016.
SK Environmental Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Cost of revenues	$	96,086	
 	 	$	99,526	
 	 	$	(3,440	)	 	(3.5	)%	 	$	194,141	
 	 	$	194,056	
 	 	$	85	
 	 	—	 %	
As a % of Direct Revenue	56.7	%	 	59.6	%	 	 	 	(2.9	)%	 	58.8	%	 	61.4	%	 	 	 	(2.6	)%	
SK Environmental Services cost of revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $3.4 million from the comparable period in 2015 due to decreases in oil additives and other material costs of $4.3 million, costs attributable to used oil collections of $3.0 million, and repairs and maintenance costs of $0.4 million. These decreases were partially offset by increases in labor related costs of $3.8 million and equipment rental costs of $0.5 million. As a percentage of revenues, these costs decreased 2.9% in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable period in 2015. The improved margins were most significantly impacted by the lower used oil collection and other raw material costs.
SK Environmental Services cost of revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2016 remained consistent from the comparable period in 2015. As a percentage of revenues, these costs decreased 2.6% in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015. The improved margins were most significantly impacted by the lower used oil collection and other material costs experienced during the second quarter of 2016.
Lodging Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Cost of revenues	$	12,574	
 	 	$	16,924	
 	 	$	(4,350	)	 	(25.7	)%	 	$	26,403	
 	 	$	42,684	
 	 	$	(16,281	)	 	(38.1	)%	
As a % of Direct Revenue	75.9	%	 	76.1	%	 	 	 	(0.2	)%	 	81.2	%	 	75.5	%	 	 	 	5.7	 %	
Lodging Services cost of revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $4.4 million and $16.3 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to decreases in catering costs of $1.9 million and $6.1 million, respectively, labor costs of $1.4 million and $5.3 million, respectively, equipment rental costs of $0.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively, and utilities costs of $0.6 million and $1.4 million, respectively. These decreases were the result of overall lower demand for lodging segment services as overall activity in the regions in which the business operates declined. As a percentage of direct revenues, these costs remained consistent and increased 5.7% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015 as certain fixed costs incurred in the operations of our camps and lodges could not be reduced proportionate to the pricing and activity declines in the business.
Oil and Gas Field Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Cost of revenues	$	22,369	
 	 	$	37,310	
 	 	$	(14,941	)	 	(40.0	)%	 	$	52,570	
 	 	$	84,723	
 	 	$	(32,153	)	 	(38.0	)%	
As a % of Direct Revenue	103.0	%	 	91.4	%	 	 	 	11.6	 %	 	96.1	%	 	88.5	%	 	 	 	7.6	 %	
Oil and Gas Field Services cost of revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $14.9 million and $32.2 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to decreases in labor related costs of $8.5 million and

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$19.3 million, respectively, equipment rental costs of $2.2 million and $4.2 million, respectively, and transportation and fuel costs of $0.5 million and $1.7 million, respectively. As a percentage of direct revenues, these costs increased 11.6% and 7.6%, respectively, in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015. This increase resulted from certain fixed costs incurred which could not be reduced proportionate to the overall lower revenue generated combined with lower margins on revenues provided which resulted from pricing pressures seen in the overall business environment.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses ("SG&A")
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses represent costs incurred in aspects of our business which are not directly attributable to the sale of our services and/or products. We strive to manage such costs commensurate with the overall performance of our segments and corresponding revenue levels. We believe that the ability to properly align these costs with overall business performance is reflective of our strong management of the businesses and further promotes our ability to remain competitive in the marketplace.
Technical Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
SG&A	$	19,576	
 	 	$	21,110	
 	 	$	(1,534	)	 	(7.3	)%	 	$	39,469	
 	 	$	44,695	
 	 	$	(5,226	)	 	(11.7	)%	
As a % of Direct Revenue	7.4	%	 	7.3	%	 	 	 	0.1	 %	 	7.6	%	 	7.9	%	 	 	 	(0.3	)%	
Technical Services selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $1.5 million and $5.2 million, from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to decreases in variable compensation of $1.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively, and changes in estimates for environmental liabilities of $0.4 million and $2.2 million, respectively, as a result of an increase in the prior year that did not reoccur.
Industrial and Field Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
SG&A	$	14,884	
 	 	$	17,774	
 	 	$	(2,890	)	 	(16.3	)%	 	$	29,443	
 	 	$	33,431	
 	 	$	(3,988	)	 	(11.9	)%	
As a % of Direct Revenue	10.3	%	 	5.2	%	 	 	 	5.1	 %	 	11.4	%	 	6.9	%	 	 	 	4.5	 %	
Industrial and Field Services selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $2.9 million and $4.0 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to a decrease in commission costs of $1.8 million and $0.8 million, respectively, variable compensation of $1.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively, and professional fees of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively. As a percentage of direct revenues, selling, general and administrative expense increased 5.1% and 4.5% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to the decreased overall revenue levels experienced during the three and six months of 2016 which outpaced decreases in SG&A.
Kleen Performance Products

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
SG&A	$	4,604	
 	 	$	4,542	
 	 	$	62	
 	 	1.4	%	 	$	8,805	
 	 	$	9,343	
 	 	$	(538	)	 	(5.8	)%	
As a % of Direct Revenue	5.8	%	 	5.8	%	 	 	 	—	%	 	6.4	%	 	6.0	%	 	 	 	0.4	 %	
Kleen Performance Products selling, general and administrative expenses remained consistent for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the comparable periods in 2015.

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SK Environmental Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
SG&A	$	28,188	
 	 	$	26,356	
 	 	$	1,832	
 	 	7.0	%	 	$	55,309	
 	 	$	53,679	
 	 	$	1,630	
 	 	3.0	 %	
As a % of Direct Revenue	16.6	%	 	15.8	%	 	 	 	0.8	%	 	16.8	%	 	17.0	%	 	 	 	(0.2	)%	
SK Environmental Services selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2016 increased$1.8 million as compared to the comparable period in 2015 primarily due to increases in salaries and benefits of $1.1 million, commission costs of $0.3 million and professional fees of $0.5 million.
SK Environmental Services selling, general and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2016 increased$1.6 million as compared to the comparable period in 2015 primarily due to increases in salaries and benefits of $3.0 million partially offset by a decrease of $1.4 million spread across multiple expense categories.
Lodging Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
SG&A	$	973	
 	 	$	1,467	
 	 	$	(494	)	 	(33.7	)%	 	$	2,055	
 	 	$	3,082	
 	 	$	(1,027	)	 	(33.3	)%	
As a % of Direct Revenue	5.9	%	 	6.6	%	 	 	 	(0.7	)%	 	6.3	%	 	5.5	%	 	 	 	0.8	 %	
Lodging Services selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $0.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively, as compared to the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to decreases in salaries and benefits of $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively, and professional fees of $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
Oil and Gas Field Services

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
SG&A	$	3,550	
 	 	$	5,683	
 	 	$	(2,133	)	 	(37.5	)%	 	$	7,725	
 	 	$	11,795	
 	 	$	(4,070	)	 	(34.5	)%	
As a % of Direct Revenue	16.4	%	 	13.9	%	 	 	 	2.5	 %	 	14.1	%	 	12.3	%	 	 	 	1.8	 %	
Oil and Gas Field Services selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $2.1 million and $4.1 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to decreases in salaries and benefits of $1.0 million and $1.9 million, respectively, commission costs of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, variable compensation costs of $0.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively, and $0.4 million and $1.3 million of costs spread across multiple expense categories, respectively. As a percentage of direct revenues selling, general and administrative expense increased 2.5% and 1.8% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable periods in 2015 as a result of lower overall revenues.
Corporate Items

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
SG&A	$	35,288	
 	 	$	43,486	
 	 	$	(8,198	)	 	(18.9	)%	 	$	68,741	
 	 	$	72,108	
 	 	$	(3,367	)	 	(4.7	)%	
Corporate Items selling, general and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $8.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2015 primarily due to decreases to variable compensation of $4.4 million and $2.2 million, respectively, benefits of $1.0 million and $2.4 million, respectively. The remaining decreases are primarily related to our cost savings initiatives spread across multiple expense categories.

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Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”) 
Management considers Adjusted EBITDA to be a measurement of performance which provides useful information to both management and investors. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered an alternative to net income or other measurements under generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Adjusted EBITDA is not calculated identically by all companies, and therefore our measurements of Adjusted EBITDA, while defined consistently and in accordance with our existing credit agreement, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30, 2016	 	June 30, 2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	June 30, 2016	 	June 30, 2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Adjusted EBITDA:	 	

 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	
Technical Services	$	68,891	
 	 	$	76,808	
 	 	$	(7,917	)	 	(10.3)%	 	$	129,289	
 	 	$	140,209	
 	 	$	(10,920	)	 	(7.8)%	
Industrial and Field Services	19,946	
 	 	73,081	
 	 	(53,135	)	 	(72.7)	 	22,064	
 	 	83,390	
 	 	(61,326	)	 	(73.5)	
Kleen Performance Products	9,995	
 	 	15,824	
 	 	(5,829	)	 	(36.8)	 	14,555	
 	 	11,348	
 	 	3,207	
 	 	28.3	
SK Environmental Services	45,239	
 	 	41,195	
 	 	4,044	
 	 	9.8	 	80,734	
 	 	68,444	
 	 	12,290	
 	 	18.0	
Lodging Services	3,022	
 	 	3,852	
 	 	(830	)	 	(21.5)	 	4,041	
 	 	10,762	
 	 	(6,721	)	 	(62.5)	
Oil and Gas Field Services	(4,207	)	 	(2,182	)	 	(2,025	)	 	(92.8)	 	(5,601	)	 	(779	)	 	(4,822	)	 	(619.0)	
Corporate Items	(32,441	)	 	(45,456	)	 	13,015	
 	 	28.6	 	(67,317	)	 	(71,975	)	 	4,658	
 	 	6.5	
Total	$	110,445	
 	 	$	163,122	
 	 	$	(52,677	)	 	(32.3)%	 	$	177,765	
 	 	$	241,399	
 	 	$	(63,634	)	 	(26.4)%	
We use Adjusted EBITDA to enhance our understanding of our operating performance, which represents our views concerning our performance in the ordinary, ongoing and customary course of our operations. We historically have found it helpful, and believe that investors have found it helpful, to consider an operating measure that excludes certain expenses relating to transactions not reflective of our core operations.
The information about our operating performance provided by this financial measure is used by our management for a variety of purposes. We regularly communicate Adjusted EBITDA results to our lenders since our loan covenants are based upon levels of Adjusted EBITDA achieved and to our board of directors and discuss with the board our interpretation of such results. We also compare our Adjusted EBITDA performance against internal targets as a key factor in determining cash bonus compensation for executives and other employees, largely because we believe that this measure is indicative of how the fundamental business is performing and is being managed.
We also provide information relating to our Adjusted EBITDA so that analysts, investors and other interested persons have the same data that we use to assess our core operating performance. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA should be viewed only as a supplement to the GAAP financial information. We also believe, however, that providing this information in addition to, and together with, GAAP financial information permits the foregoing persons to obtain a better understanding of our core operating performance and to evaluate the efficacy of the methodology and information used by management to evaluate and measure such performance on a standalone and a comparative basis.
The following is a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the following periods (in thousands):

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	June 30,	
 	2016	 	2015	 	2016	 	2015	
Net income (loss)	$	3,966	
 	 	$	10,395	
 	 	$	(16,905	)	 	$	3,306	
 	
Accretion of environmental liabilities	2,548	
 	 	2,599	
 	 	5,053	
 	 	5,218	
 	
Depreciation and amortization	73,393	
 	 	67,773	
 	 	142,295	
 	 	136,129	
 	
Goodwill impairment charge	—	
 	 	31,992	
 	 	—	
 	 	31,992	
 	
Other expense	189	
 	 	660	
 	 	539	
 	 	251	
 	
Interest expense, net	21,647	
 	 	19,249	
 	 	40,627	
 	 	38,687	
 	
Provision for income taxes	8,702	
 	 	30,454	
 	 	6,156	
 	 	25,816	
 	
Adjusted EBITDA	$	110,445	
 	 	$	163,122	
 	 	$	177,765	
 	 	$	241,399	

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Depreciation and Amortization

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Depreciation of fixed assets and landfill amortization	$	63,456	
 	 	$	58,978	
 	 	$	4,478	
 	 	7.6	%	 	$	122,797	
 	 	$	116,332	
 	 	$	6,465	
 	 	5.6	 %	
Permits and other intangibles amortization	9,937	
 	 	8,795	
 	 	1,142	
 	 	13.0	
 	 	19,498	
 	 	19,797	
 	 	(299	)	 	(1.5	)	
Total depreciation and amortization	$	73,393	
 	 	$	67,773	
 	 	$	5,620	
 	 	8.3	%	 	$	142,295	
 	 	$	136,129	
 	 	$	6,166	
 	 	4.5	 %	
 
Depreciation and amortization increased $5.6 million and $6.2 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from the comparable period in 2015 primarily due to a larger fixed asset base resulting from our recent acquisitions.
Goodwill Impairment Charge

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Goodwill impairment charge	$	—	
 	 	$	31,992	
 	 	$	(31,992	)	 	(100	)%	 	$	—	
 	 	$	31,992	
 	 	$	(31,992	)	 	(100	)%	
During the three months ended June 30, 2015, we recorded a $32.0 million goodwill impairment charge on our Oil and Gas Field Services reporting unit. For additional information regarding this goodwill impairment charge, see the discussion under the goodwill heading within our "Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" below.
Provision for Income Taxes

 	For the Three Months Ended	 	For the Six Months Ended	
 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	 	June 30,	 	2016 over 2015	
 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	 	2016	 	2015	 	$
Change	 	%
Change	
Provision for income taxes	$	8,702	
 	 	$	30,454	
 	 	$	(21,752	)	 	(71.4	)%	 	$	6,156	
 	 	$	25,816	
 	 	$	(19,660	)	 	(76.2	)%	
The income tax provision for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased $21.8 million and $19.7 million, respectively, as compared to the comparable periods in 2015. The decrease in provision is due to lower amounts of operating income earned in the current periods. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was 68.7% and (57.3)%, respectively, compared to 74.6% and 88.6% for the same periods in 2015. The variations in the effective income tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to more customary relationships between pre-tax income and the provision for income taxes was primarily due to not recognizing income tax benefits of $4.5 million and $12.4 million, respectively, in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 from current operating losses related to certain Canadian entities. If such losses were able to be currently recognized through our estimated annual effective tax rate, the three month ended June 30, 2016 provision for income taxes would have been approximately $4.2 million and the six month ended June 30, 2016 benefit for income taxes would have been approximately $6.2 million. Such variations in the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2015 were due to the lack of any tax benefit associated with the goodwill impairment charge recorded in the second quarter of 2015.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources 

 	For the Six Months Ended	
(in thousands)	June 30, 2016	 	June 30, 2015	
Net cash from operating activities	$	120,051	
 	 	$	193,815	
 	
Net cash used in investing activities	(181,421	)	 	(204,197	)	
Net cash from (used in) financing activities	225,162	
 	 	(56,172	)	
Net cash from operating activities
Net cash from operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2016 was $120.1 million, a decrease of 38.1%, or $73.8 million, compared with net cash from operating activities for the comparable period in 2015. The decrease in comparable periods was primarily the result of the impacts of changes in net working capital and lower income levels generated in the first six months of 2016 as compared to the comparable period in 2015.
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2016 was $181.4 million, a decrease of 11.2%, or $22.8 million, compared with cash used in investing activities for the comparable period in 2015. The change was primarily driven by a decrease in cash paid for acquisitions in the first six months of 2016 as well as a decrease in capital expenditures in 2016.
Net cash from financing activities
Net cash from financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2016 was $225.2 million, compared with cash used in financing activities of $56.2 million for the comparable period in 2015. The change was primarily due to the issuance of $250.0 million in aggregate principle amount of 5.125% senior notes due 2021 which the Company completed on March 17, 2016.
Working Capital
At June 30, 2016, cash and cash equivalents totaled $352.9 million, compared to $184.7 million at December 31, 2015. At June 30, 2016, cash and cash equivalents held by our foreign subsidiaries totaled $77.1 million and were readily convertible into other foreign currencies including U.S. dollars. At June 30, 2016, the cash and cash equivalent balance for our U.S. operations was $275.8 million, and our U.S. operations had net operating cash flow of $108.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016. Additionally, we have a $400.0 million revolving credit facility of which approximately $190.0 million was available to borrow at June 30, 2016. Based on the above and on our current plans, we believe that our U.S. operations have adequate financial resources to satisfy their liquidity needs without being required to repatriate earnings from foreign subsidiaries. Accordingly, although repatriation to the U.S. of foreign earnings would generally be subject to U.S. income taxation, net of any available foreign tax credits, we have not recorded any deferred tax liability related to such repatriation since we intend to permanently reinvest foreign earnings outside the U.S.
We assess our liquidity in terms of our ability to generate cash to fund our operating, investing, and financing activities. Our primary ongoing cash requirements will be to fund operations, capital expenditures, interest payments and investments in line with our business strategy. We believe our future operating cash flows will be sufficient to meet our future operating and internal investing cash needs as well as any cash needs relating to our stock repurchase program. Furthermore, our existing cash balance and the availability of additional borrowings under our revolving credit facility provide additional potential sources of liquidity should they be required.
Financing Arrangements 
The financing arrangements and principal terms of our $800.0 million principal amount of 5.25% senior unsecured notes due 2020 and $845.0 million principal amount of 5.125% senior unsecured notes due 2021 which were outstanding at June 30, 2016, and our $400.0 million revolving credit facility, are discussed further in Note 10, “Financing Arrangements,” to our consolidated financial statements included herein.
As of June 30, 2016, we were in compliance with the covenants of all of our debt agreements, and we believe it is reasonably likely that we will continue to meet such covenants.

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Common Stock Repurchase Program
On March 13, 2015, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300 million of our common stock. We intend to fund the repurchases through available cash resources. The repurchase program authorizes us to purchase our common stock on the open market from time to time. The share repurchases have been and will be made in a manner that complies with applicable U.S. securities laws. The number of shares purchased and the timing of the purchases will depend on a number of factors, including share price, cash required for future business plans, trading volume and other conditions.  We have no obligation to repurchase stock under this program and may suspend or terminate the repurchase program at any time. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, we repurchased and retired a total of 0.1 million shares and 0.2 million shares, respectively, of our common stock for a total cost of $5.1 million and $10.1 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, we repurchased and retired a total of 0.3 million shares and 0.6 million shares, respectively, of our common stock for a total cost of $16.1 million and $32.2 million, respectively. Through June 30, 2016, we have repurchased and retired a total of 3.6 million shares of our common stock for a total cost of $187.8 million under this program. As of June 30, 2016, an additional $112.2 million remains available for repurchase of shares under the current authorized program.
Environmental Liabilities

(in thousands)	June 30, 2016	 	December 31, 2015	 	$ Change	 	% Change	
Closure and post-closure liabilities	$	59,186	
 	 	$	56,249	
 	 	$	2,937	
 	 	5.2	 %	
Remedial liabilities	130,291	
 	 	131,992	
 	 	(1,701	)	 	(1.3	)	
Total environmental liabilities	$	189,477	
 	 	$	188,241	
 	 	$	1,236	
 	 	0.7	 %	
Total environmental liabilities as of June 30, 2016 were $189.5 million, an increase of 0.7%, or $1.2 million, compared to the liabilities as of December 31, 2015 primarily due to accretion of $5.1 million as well as new asset retirement obligations and purchase accounting adjustments of $1.9 million partially offset by expenditures of $6.5 million.
We anticipate our environmental liabilities, substantially all of which we assumed in connection with our acquisitions, will be payable over many years and that cash flow from operations will generally be sufficient to fund the payment of such liabilities when required. However, events not anticipated (such as future changes in environmental laws and regulations) could require that such payments be made earlier or in greater amounts than currently anticipated, which could adversely affect our results of operations, cash flow and financial condition.
Capital Expenditures
We anticipate that 2016 capital spending will be approximately $200 million. This includes the construction of the new incinerator at our El Dorado, Arkansas facility, which will likely add $50 million in 2016. However, changes in environmental regulations could require us to make significant capital expenditures for our facilities and adversely affect our results of operations and cash flow.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Other than described below, there were no material changes in the first six months of 2016 to the information provided under the heading “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Goodwill.  Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for impairment annually as of December 31 or when events or changes in the business environment indicate the carrying value of the reporting unit may exceed its fair value. This review is performed by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair value is less than the carrying amount, a Step II analysis of the fair value of all the elements of the reporting unit is performed to determine if and to what degree goodwill is impaired. The loss, if any, is measured as the excess of the carrying value of the goodwill over the value of the goodwill implied by the results of the Step II analysis.

We determine our reporting units by identifying the components of each operating segment, and then in some circumstances aggregate components having similar economic characteristics based on quantitative and/or qualitative factors. We have determined that, as of both December 31, 2015 and June 30, 2016, we have seven reporting units. Our Technical Services, Kleen Performance Products, SK Environmental Services, Lodging Services and Oil and Gas Field Services segments each constitute a reporting unit. Our Industrial and Field Services segment includes two separate reporting units: Industrial Services and Field Services.

We conducted our annual impairment test of goodwill for all of our reporting units to which goodwill is allocated as of December 31, 2015 and determined that no adjustment to the carrying value of goodwill for any reporting unit was then necessary.

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In all cases except for our Kleen Performance Products reporting unit, the estimated fair values of each reporting unit significantly exceeded their carrying values. The annual impairment test fair value for all of our reporting units is determined using an income approach (a discounted cash flow analysis) which incorporates several underlying estimates and assumptions with varying degrees of uncertainty. The discounted cash flow analyses include estimated cash flows for a discrete five year future period and for a terminal period thereafter. In all instances, we corroborate our estimated fair values by also considering other factors such as the fair value of comparable companies to businesses contained in our reporting units. As part of the annual test we also perform a reconciliation of the total estimated fair values of all reporting units to our market capitalization.

During the six months ended June 30, 2016, we continued to evaluate the Kleen Performance Products reporting unit’s performance and monitor for events or changes in circumstances which might indicate that the estimated fair value of the Kleen Performance Products reporting unit was below its carrying value. No such events or changes in circumstances existed in the six months ended June 30, 2016.

During the three months ended June 30, 2015, certain events and changes in circumstances arose which led management of the Company to conclude that the fair value of the Oil and Gas Field Services reporting unit might be less than its carrying value and therefore an interim impairment test was conducted relative to goodwill recorded by the Oil and Gas Field Services reporting unit. The primary events and changes in circumstances which led to this conclusion were:    
 	 	
•	The second quarter is the period of time where greater levels of communication with customers and the receipt of bids and proposals for project work takes place and provide management with more clarity into levels of activity and other economic and business indicators for the latter half of the fiscal year and on into the first quarter of the following year. During the quarter ended June 30, 2015, it became apparent that oil and gas exploration and production activity would continue to be lower than for historical periods and lower than previously anticipated by the Company. This was evidenced by reduced volume in bid and proposal requests from customers and communications indicating the reduction in customer budgets in these areas, as well as lower than anticipated pricing for our services.	

•	Market and industry reports which management looks to in projecting business conditions and establishing forecast information evidenced more pessimistic views in the near term. The continued depressed price of oil without any upward momentum since December 2014 as well as declining and expected continued decline in rig count for the remainder of 2015 resulted in lower estimates of industry activity in the second half of 2015 and early 2016.	

•	In recognition of lower than anticipated business results and less optimistic market indicators, management significantly lowered its 2015 forecasts relative to the Oil and Gas reporting unit.	

Significant judgments and unobservable inputs categorized as Level III in the fair value hierarchy are inherent in the impairment tests performed and include assumptions about the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, growth rates, profit margins and the determination of appropriate discount rates. In performing the Step I test as of June 30, 2015, certain of these significant assumptions changed from those utilized in performing our annual goodwill impairment test as of December 31, 2014. Based upon information known as of June 30, 2015, we reduced the estimates and assumptions around FY2015 annual revenue growth from 1% of growth to a contraction in 2015 revenues of 24%. This decrease resulted largely from projects which were expected to occur in the second half of 2015 but are now known to be cancelled or reduced as well as updated outlooks on pricing of our services. EBITDA margins relative to 2015 were also reduced from estimates of 13% utilized in the most recent annual test to 6% currently. We had assumed greater EBITDA margin expansion driven by more positive revenue growth which increased estimated future cash flows. The reduction in margin assumptions utilized in the current Step I test were based upon the lower levels of revenue currently forecasted for 2015, lower pricing of our services and less than anticipated cost savings from cost cutting measures which had previously been planned and had not fully materialized in 2015. These lower revenue and margin estimates associated with 2015 resulted in lower current expectations of 2015 cash flows and also led to decreases in expected revenues and cash flows in future periods, thus lengthening our assumptions around the recovery from the current business downturn as compared to assumptions utilized in our annual test. The changes in these estimates and business assumptions had significant negative impact on our estimates of future anticipated cash flows used in our impairment test and therefore on our estimates of the fair value of the Oil and Gas Field Services reporting unit. Discount rate assumptions utilized in the June 30, 2015 test were consistent with those used in the prior annual test. The results of the Step I test indicated that the current estimated fair value of the reporting unit was less than its carrying value and therefore a Step II test was performed to determine if and in what amount goodwill recorded by the Oil and Gas Field Services segment was impaired. The results of the Step II test indicated that as of June 30, 2015, the total amount of goodwill recorded by the reporting unit was impaired and accordingly a $32.0 million impairment charge was recorded.

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Other Long-Lived Assets. As of June 30, 2016, the Oil and Gas Field Services reporting unit had other long-lived assets consisting of: property, plant and equipment, net of $146.4 million and intangible assets of $11.5 million. In consideration of the reporting unit's continued lower than historical results and overall slowdown in the oil and gas related industries, we continue to monitor the carrying value of the segment's long-lived assets and assess the risk of asset impairment. As a result of analyses performed as of June 30, 2016, we concluded that no events or circumstances have arisen which would indicate that the carrying values of the assets are not recoverable.

We will continue to evaluate all of our goodwill and other long lived assets impacted by economic downturns in oil and energy related markets in which they operate including those businesses located in Western Canada within the Lodging and Industrial Services reporting units which have been significantly impacted. If further economic difficulties resulting from depressed oil and gas related pricing and lower overall activity levels continue for a significant foreseeable period of time, impairments may result and be recorded relative to our long-lived assets or goodwill associated with these businesses. As of June 30, 2016 goodwill recorded within the Lodging and Industrial Services reporting units was $34.3 million and $30.3 million, respectively.

ITEM 3.                            QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 
There were no material changes in the first six months of 2016 to the information provided under Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

ITEM 4.                            CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
Based on an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on 10-Q, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) were effective as of June 30, 2016 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
     
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15 that was conducted during the quarter ending June 30, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.                        LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
See Note 14, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to the financial statements included in Item 1 of this report, which description is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 1A.                       RISK FACTORS
During the six months ended June 30, 2016, there were no material changes from the risk factors as previously disclosed in Item 1A in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. 
ITEM 2.                        UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Common Stock Repurchase Program

The following table provides information with respect to the shares of common stock repurchased by us for the periods indicated.

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)	 	Average Price Paid Per Share (2)	 	Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	 	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (3)	
April 1, 2016 through April 30, 2016	576	
 	 	$	49.19	
 	 	—	
 	 	$	117,313,619	
 	
May 1, 2016 through May 31, 2016	379	
 	 	$	49.4	
 	 	—	
 	 	$	117,313,619	
 	
June 1, 2016 through June 30, 2016	106,645	
 	 	$	51.97	
 	 	98,800	
 	 	$	112,178,022	
 	
Total	107,600	
 	 	$	51.95	
 	 	98,800	
 	 	$	112,178,022	
 	
______________________
 	 	
(1)	Includes 8,800 shares withheld by us from employees to satisfy employee tax obligations upon vesting of restricted stock units granted to our employees under our long-term equity incentive programs.	
 	 	
(2)	The average price paid per share of common stock repurchased under the stock repurchase program includes the commissions paid to brokers.	
 	 	
(3)	On March 13, 2015, the Company's board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300 million of the Company's common stock. We have funded and intend to fund the repurchases through available cash resources. The stock repurchase program authorizes us to purchase our common stock on the open market from time to time. The stock repurchases have been and will be made in a manner that complies with applicable U.S. securities laws. The number of shares purchased and the timing of the purchases will depend on a number of factors, including share price, cash required for future business plans, trading volume and other conditions. We have no obligation to repurchase stock under this program and may suspend or terminate the repurchase program at any time.	
ITEM 3.                        DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None
ITEM 4.                        MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Not applicable
ITEM 5.                        OTHER INFORMATION
None

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ITEM 6.                        EXHIBITS

Item No.	 	Description	 	Location	
31.1	 	Rule 13a-14a/15d-14(a) Certification of the CEO Alan S. McKim	 	Filed herewith	
 	 	 	 	 	
31.2	 	Rule 13a-14a/15d-14(a) Certification of the CFO Michael L. Battles	 	Filed herewith	
 	 	 	 	 	
32	 	Section 1350 Certifications	 	Filed herewith	
 	 	 	 	 	
101	 	Interactive Data Files Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Clean Harbors, Inc. for the quarter ended June 30, 2016, formatted in XBRL: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iv) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (v) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, and (vi) Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.	 	*	
_______________________
 	 	
*	Interactive data files are furnished and deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections.	

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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. 

 	 	CLEAN HARBORS, INC.	
 	 	Registrant	
 	 	 	
 	 	By:	/s/  ALAN S. MCKIM	
 	 	 	Alan S. McKim	
 	 	 	Chairman and Chief Executive Officer	
 	 	 	 	
Date:	August 3, 2016	 	 	
 	 	 	 	
 	 	By:	/s/  MICHAEL L. BATTLES	
 	 	 	Michael L. Battles	
 	 	 	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	
 	 	 	
Date:	August 3, 2016	 	

45

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Alan S. McKim, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Clean Harbors, Inc.;

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 	 	
 	/s/ Alan S. McKim	
 	Alan S. McKim	
 	Chairman and Chief Executive Officer	

Date: August 3, 2016 

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, Michael L. Battles, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Clean Harbors, Inc.;

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 	 	
 	/s/ Michael L. Battles	
 	Michael L. Battles	
 	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	

Date: August 3, 2016 

EXHIBIT 32

CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 1350, CHAPTER 63 OF TITLE 18, UNITED STATES CODE,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, each of the undersigned certifies that, to his knowledge, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2016 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the information contained in this report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Clean Harbors, Inc.

 	 	 	 	
 	 	By:	/s/  ALAN S. MCKIM	
 	 	 	Alan S. McKim	
 	 	 	Chairman and Chief Executive Officer	
 	 	 	 	
Date:	August 3, 2016	 	 	
 	 	 	 	
 	 	By:	/s/  MICHAEL L. BATTLES	
 	 	 	Michael L. Battles	
 	 	 	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	
 	 	 	
Date:	August 3, 2016